Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the context of energy flow in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to produce organic molecules, and cellular respiration breaks down those molecules to release energy for cellular work.

Question 2

What is the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$

Question 3

Which stage of cellular respiration does NOT occur in the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 4

During which process is the majority of ATP generated in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain and chemiosmosis)

Question 5

What is the primary purpose of fermentation in cells?

Accepted Answer

To regenerate NAD+ so glycolysis can continue producing ATP

Question 6

Which of the following statements about redox reactions in cellular respiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is oxidized to carbon dioxide, and oxygen is reduced to water.

Question 7

Why is glycolysis considered an ancient metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

It occurs in all domains of life and does not require mitochondria.

Question 8

In lactic acid fermentation, what is the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why animals store most of their energy reserves as fats rather than polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Fats are less dense than polysaccharides and provide more energy per gram.

Question 10

A patient is exposed to cyanide, which blocks the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. What immediate effect does this have on cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation ceases, and NADH/FADH2 cannot be oxidized.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct net summary of the products of glycolysis per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

Question 12

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 13

How are breathing and cellular respiration related in humans?

Accepted Answer

Breathing supplies oxygen for cellular respiration and removes carbon dioxide produced by it.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP is produced directly by the transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP.

Question 15

During the Krebs cycle, what happens to the carbon atoms from the original glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

They are released as carbon dioxide.

Question 16

Which of the following is a key difference between lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Alcoholic fermentation produces ethanol and CO2, while lactic acid fermentation produces lactate.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why glycolysis can occur in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis does not require oxygen and occurs in the cytosol.

Question 18

What is the main role of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They carry electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production.

Question 19

If a cell is deprived of oxygen, which process will continue to function?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 20

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis in the context of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

The movement of protons (H+) down their concentration gradient through ATP synthase to generate ATP.

Cellular Respiration Study Guide

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