$$M = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{liters of solution}}$$

Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for the ability of some insects to walk on water surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension due to hydrogen bonding

Question 2

Why does ice float on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice are more ordered, making ice less dense than liquid water

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why water is a versatile solvent?

Accepted Answer

Water's polarity allows it to interact with and dissolve both ionic and polar substances

Question 4

A plant transports water from its roots to its leaves against gravity. Which two properties of water are most directly involved in this process?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and adhesion

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between the concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in any aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+][OH^-] = 10$$^{-14}$$

Question 6

If you start with a solution of pH 8 and increase the $$[H^+] by a $$factor of 1,000, what is the new pH?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 7

Which of the following substances is most likely to be hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

Olive oil

Question 8

What is the definition of molarity ($$M) in $$terms of solute and solution?

Accepted Answer

$$M = \frac{	ext{moles of solute}}{	ext{liters of solution}}$$

Question 9

Which statement best describes the effect of water's high specific heat on Earth's climate?

Accepted Answer

It stabilizes temperatures by absorbing and releasing heat slowly

Question 10

A solution has a pH of 7. If the $$[H^+] is $$decreased by a factor of 100, what is the new pH?

Accepted Answer

9

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an emergent property of water that contributes to Earth's suitability for life?

Accepted Answer

Low boiling point

Question 12

What type of bond is responsible for the cohesion between water molecules?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bond

Question 13

Which of the following best describes an acid in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

A substance that increases the $$[H^+]$$ concentration

Question 14

Which real-world scenario best illustrates the importance of water's expansion upon freezing?

Accepted Answer

Ice floating on lakes prevents aquatic life from freezing during winter

Question 15

Which of the following is a consequence of water's polarity?

Accepted Answer

Water can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules

Question 16

A scientist mixes 1 mole of glucose in enough water to make 1 liter of solution. What is the molarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

1 M

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a hydrophilic substance?

Accepted Answer

A substance that has an affinity for water

Question 18

Which process in plants relies on both cohesion and adhesion of water molecules?

Accepted Answer

Transpiration and water transport from roots to leaves

Question 19

What is the pH of a neutral aqueous solution at 25°C?

Accepted Answer

7

Question 20

Which of the following is true about the relationship between acids, bases, and the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

Acids have a pH less than 7, bases have a pH greater than 7

Water and Life (Chapter 3): Properties, Structure, and Biological Importance

Study Guide - Practice Questions