Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for the upward movement of water in plants against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding

Question 2

Why does ice float on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice are more 'ordered,' making ice less dense than liquid water

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why water is an effective solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water's polarity allows it to surround and separate ions

Question 4

A solution has a pH of 5. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 10$$^{-5}$$ M

Question 5

Which of the following substances is most likely to be hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

Olive oil

Question 6

If you start with a solution of pH 7 and decrease the $$[H^+] by a $$factor of 100, what is the new pH?

Accepted Answer

pH = 9

Question 7

Which property of water helps moderate Earth's climate by absorbing and releasing heat with only slight changes in its own temperature?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 8

What is the main reason water has a high surface tension compared to most other liquids?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules at the air-water interface

Question 9

Which of the following best describes an aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution in which water is the solvent

Question 10

A hydrogen atom in a hydrogen bond between two water molecules shifts from one molecule to another. What are the resulting ions?

Accepted Answer

Hydronium ion ($$H_3O^+) $$and hydroxide ion ($$OH^-)$$

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the four emergent properties of water that contribute to Earth's suitability for life?

Accepted Answer

High viscosity

Question 12

What is the molarity ($$M) of a $$solution containing 2 moles of glucose dissolved in 1 liter of water?

Accepted Answer

$$M = 2$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why sweating cools the human body?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation of sweat absorbs heat as hydrogen bonds break

Question 14

Which of the following statements about acids and bases is correct?

Accepted Answer

Acids increase the $$[H^+]$$ concentration of a solution

Question 15

If the product of $$[H^+]$$ and $$[OH^-] in $$any aqueous solution is $$10^{-14}$$, what is the $$[OH^-] in a $$solution with $$[H^+] = 10$$^{-5}$$ M?

Accepted Answer

$$[OH^-] = 10$$^{-9}$$ M

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a hydrophilic substance?

Accepted Answer

Table sugar (sucrose)

Question 17

Which property of water explains why aquatic life can survive under the ice during winter?

Accepted Answer

Ice floats because it is less dense than liquid water, insulating the water below

Question 18

A solution is made by dissolving 58.44 g of NaCl (molecular mass = 58.44 g/mol) in enough water to make 1 liter of solution. What is the molarity ($$M) of $$NaCl in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$M = 1$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between cohesion and adhesion in the movement of water in plants?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion allows water molecules to stick to each other, while adhesion allows water to stick to plant cell walls

Question 20

Beginning with a solution of pH 8, you increase the $$[H^+] by a $$factor of 1,000. What is the new pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

pH = 4

Water and Life: Chapter 3 Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards