$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for the upward movement of water in plants against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding

Question 2

Why does ice float on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice are more 'ordered,' making ice less dense than water

Question 3

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why sweating cools the body?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation of water removes molecules with the greatest kinetic energy

Question 5

Which of the following is a direct consequence of water’s high specific heat?

Accepted Answer

Water temperature changes only slightly when it absorbs or releases heat

Question 6

A hydrophobic molecule is most likely to be found in which part of a cell?

Accepted Answer

Cell membrane

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between cohesion and adhesion?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion is water sticking to itself; adhesion is water sticking to other substances

Question 8

If the pH of a solution changes from 6 to 4, how does the hydrogen ion concentration change?

Accepted Answer

It increases by 100 times

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the formation of carbonic acid in ocean acidification?

Accepted Answer

$$CO_2 + H_2O$$ \rightarrow H_2CO_3$$

Question 10

Which property of water allows insects to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension

Question 11

Which of the following statements about acids and bases is correct?

Accepted Answer

An acid increases the $$H^+$$ concentration in a solution

Question 12

A solution contains $$0.01$$ moles of hydrogen ions ($$H^+) $$per liter. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

pH = 4

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules are polar and can surround and separate ions

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an emergent property of water that contributes to Earth's suitability for life?

Accepted Answer

High density of ice

Question 15

Which of the following best describes what happens when sodium chloride ($$NaCl) $$dissolves in water?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules surround and separate $$Na^+$$ and $$Cl^-$$ ions due to their polarity

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of ocean acidification?

Accepted Answer

Decreased availability of carbonate ions ($$CO_3$$^{2-}$$) for marine organisms

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why oil does not dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Oil molecules have relatively nonpolar bonds

Question 18

A beaker contains a solution with a pH of 8. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The solution is basic

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the molecules

Question 20

Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds in water is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds form between the hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen of another

Chapter 3 Water and Life: Properties, Functions, and Biological Importance

Study Guide - Practice Questions