Q: A solution has a pH of 3. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$the solution?

$$1 \times 10$$^{-3}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for the phenomenon where water can move upward through the stem of a plant against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding

Question 2

A solution is made by dissolving 58.44 g of NaCl (molar mass = 58.44 g/mol) in enough water to make 1 liter of solution. What is the molarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1.0\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice are more stable and keep water molecules farther apart.

Question 4

What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$5$$

Question 5

Which property of water allows coastal climates to remain relatively moderate compared to inland climates?

Accepted Answer

Water's high specific heat

Question 6

A beaker contains a solution with $$[OH^-] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-9}$$\ \mathrm{M}. $$What is the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$5$$

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of water's ability to form hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

Low boiling point

Question 8

If a lake is exposed to a cold winter, why does aquatic life survive even when the surface freezes?

Accepted Answer

Ice insulates the water below, preventing it from freezing solid.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes why water is an effective solvent for salts like NaCl?

Accepted Answer

Water's polarity allows it to surround and separate the ions.

Question 10

A scientist adds a strong acid to a buffered solution. What will happen to the pH compared to an unbuffered solution?

Accepted Answer

The pH will remain relatively stable.

Question 11

Which of the following is a direct result of water's high heat of vaporization?

Accepted Answer

Sweating cools the body efficiently.

Question 12

How many molecules are in 1 mole of water?

Accepted Answer

$$6.02 	imes 10$$^{23}$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why water has a high specific heat?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds must be broken to raise the temperature.

Question 14

A solution has a pH of 3. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 15

Which property of water is most important for the transport of nutrients and waste in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Versatility as a solvent

Question 16

If the pH of a solution changes from 6 to 4, how does the hydrogen ion concentration change?

Accepted Answer

It increases by 100 times.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of adhesion?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules sticking to the walls of plant vessels

Question 18

Why does sweating help cool the human body?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation of sweat absorbs heat from the body due to water's high heat of vaporization.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a buffer?

Accepted Answer

A substance that minimizes changes in pH by accepting or donating H$$^+$$ ions

Question 20

Which of the following is a direct effect of ocean acidification?

Accepted Answer

Decreased ability of marine organisms to form calcium carbonate shells

Water and Life: Properties, Functions, and Biological Importance

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