Q: A solution has a pH of 3. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution?

$$1 \times 10$$^{-3}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for the phenomenon where water can move upward through the stem of a plant against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding

Question 2

A solution is made by dissolving 58.44 g of NaCl (molar mass = 58.44 g/mol) in enough water to make 1 liter of solution. What is the molarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1.0\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why sweating cools the human body?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation of sweat absorbs heat due to water's high heat of vaporization

Question 4

What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$5$$

Question 5

Why does ice float on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water due to hydrogen bonds forming a crystalline structure

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of water’s high specific heat for life on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Rapid temperature changes in oceans

Question 7

A beaker contains a solution with $$[OH^-] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-9}$$\ \mathrm{M}. $$What is the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$5$$

Question 8

Which property of water allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar substances?

Accepted Answer

Polarity of water molecules

Question 9

If a lake is covered by ice in winter, which property of water helps protect aquatic life below?

Accepted Answer

Ice floats, insulating the water below due to its lower density

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a buffer in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A substance that minimizes changes in pH by accepting or donating H$$^+$$ ions

Question 11

A solution has a pH of 3. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 12

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates water’s property of adhesion?

Accepted Answer

Water droplets sticking to the surface of a leaf

Question 13

What is the main reason that coastal regions tend to have milder climates than inland regions?

Accepted Answer

Water’s high specific heat moderates temperature changes

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the effect of acid precipitation on aquatic ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

It lowers the pH of water, harming organisms sensitive to pH changes

Question 15

How does the structure of a water molecule contribute to its polarity?

Accepted Answer

The unequal sharing of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen creates partial charges

Question 16

Which of the following is a direct result of water’s high heat of vaporization?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation of sweat cools the body efficiently

Question 17

A sample of pure water at 25°C has a $$[H^+] of$$ $$1 	imes 10$$^{-7}$$\ \mathrm{M}. $$What is the $$[OH^-] in $$the sample?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-7}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why water is considered the 'universal solvent'?

Accepted Answer

Its polarity allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar substances

Question 19

If the pH of a solution changes from 6 to 4, how does the hydrogen ion concentration change?

Accepted Answer

It increases by 100 times

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of a hydrophobic substance?

Accepted Answer

Oil

Water and Life: Properties, Functions, and Biological Importance

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