Question 1

Which property of water allows it to moderate Earth's climate by absorbing and releasing large amounts of heat with only slight changes in its own temperature?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 2

A scientist observes that ice floats on liquid water. Which molecular property of water explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep the molecules farther apart in ice

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a nonpolar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared equally between atoms

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct example of a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Linking two amino acids to form a dipeptide and releasing $$H_2O$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails, forming bilayers in water

Question 6

Which level of protein structure is stabilized primarily by hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms?

Accepted Answer

Secondary structure

Question 7

A mutation causes a single amino acid change in the primary structure of a protein. Which of the following could be a consequence?

Accepted Answer

Altered secondary, tertiary, and possibly quaternary structure

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why cholesterol is important for cell membrane fluidity?

Accepted Answer

It disrupts the regular packing of phospholipids, increasing fluidity at low temperatures

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a nitrogenous base with its complementary base in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine with thymine

Question 10

A solution with a pH of 4 has how many times more hydrogen ions ($$H^+) $$than a solution with a pH of 7?

Accepted Answer

$$1000$$ times more

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of hydrogen bonds in the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

They hold the two complementary strands together

Question 12

Which of the following is a property of water that results from its polarity and ability to form hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

High heat of vaporization

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Short-term energy storage

Question 14

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds and are usually liquid at room temperature

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between alpha and beta glucose?

Accepted Answer

Alpha and beta glucose differ in the orientation of the hydroxyl group on carbon 1

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another

Question 17

Which of the following is a consequence of protein denaturation?

Accepted Answer

The protein loses its three-dimensional shape and function

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to break beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of RNA compared to DNA?

Accepted Answer

RNA is usually single-stranded, DNA is usually double-stranded

Chemical Components of Life: Cell Biology Study Guide

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