Question 1

Which of the following best explains why ATP hydrolysis is highly exergonic?

Accepted Answer

Because the hydrolysis of ATP leads to increased entropy, charge repulsion relief, and resonance stabilization of the products.

Question 2

During glycolysis, which step is responsible for the net production of NADH?

Accepted Answer

The conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i$$

Question 4

A patient’s muscle cells are deprived of oxygen. Which metabolic pathway will be upregulated to allow continued ATP production?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 5

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It directly transfers a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP.

Question 6

Which enzyme is a key regulatory point in glycolysis and is allosterically activated by AMP?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase-1

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the fate of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions in human muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

It is reduced to lactate, regenerating NAD+.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct net equation for glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Glucose} + 2\mathrm{NAD}^+ + 2\mathrm{ADP} + 2\mathrm{P}_i \rightarrow 2\mathrm{Pyruvate} + 2\mathrm{NADH} + 2\mathrm{ATP} + 2\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 2\mathrm{H}^+$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of NAD+ in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

It acts as an electron acceptor during the oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about gluconeogenesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It bypasses the irreversible steps of glycolysis using different enzymes.

Question 11

A cell is exposed to high levels of acetyl-CoA. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis will be activated.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of fermentation in cells?

Accepted Answer

To regenerate NAD+ so glycolysis can continue in the absence of oxygen.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about the regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA activates gluconeogenesis and inhibits glycolysis.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between obligate aerobes and facultative organisms?

Accepted Answer

Facultative organisms can switch between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, while obligate aerobes require oxygen.

Question 15

Which of the following is the main reason why cancer cells rapidly consume glucose?

Accepted Answer

They rely on glycolysis for ATP production even in the presence of oxygen (the Warburg effect).

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

It generates ATP by transferring a phosphate group from a high-energy intermediate to ADP.

Question 17

Which of the following is a product of alcoholic fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) can transfer its phosphate group to ADP to form ATP?

Accepted Answer

PEP hydrolysis has a more negative $$\Delta G^\circ'$$ than ATP hydrolysis.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a direct product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

CO2

Glycolysis and Fermentation: Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism in Cells

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