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Alkane Reactions definitions

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Terms in this set (15)

  • Alkanes
    Hydrocarbons with single bonds, nonpolar, and primarily undergo combustion and halogenation reactions.
  • Combustion
    A reaction where a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
  • Halogenation
    A substitution reaction where a halogen replaces a hydrogen atom in an alkane.
  • Radical
    An atom or molecule with an unpaired electron, highly reactive and unstable.
  • Initiation
    The first step in a radical reaction where a stable compound forms two radicals.
  • Propagation
    The step in a radical reaction where radicals react with stable compounds to form new radicals.
  • Termination
    The final step in a radical reaction where radicals combine to form a stable compound.
  • Homolytic Cleavage
    A process where a bond breaks evenly, and each atom retains one electron.
  • UV Light
    Ultraviolet light used to facilitate halogenation reactions in alkanes.
  • Methyl Chloride
    A product of methane halogenation where one hydrogen is replaced by chlorine.
  • Methylene Chloride
    A compound formed by replacing two hydrogens in methane with chlorine.
  • Chloroform
    A compound formed by replacing three hydrogens in methane with chlorine.
  • Carbon Tetrachloride
    A compound formed by replacing all hydrogens in methane with chlorine.
  • London Dispersion
    A weak intermolecular force present in nonpolar molecules like alkanes.
  • Alkyl Halide
    A compound formed by replacing a hydrogen in an alkane with a halogen.