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Identifying Acids and Bases quiz #1

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Terms in this set (40)

  • Which is a property of acids in aqueous solutions?
    Acids in aqueous solutions release hydrogen ions (H+), also known as hydronium ions (H3O+).
  • What ion do acids release in solution: hydrogen, hydroxide, carbonate, or ammonium?
    Acids release hydrogen ions (H+) in solution.
  • Which substance is a base?
    A base is typically a compound containing a metal and hydroxide (OH-) or an amine such as NH3.
  • Which solution has the greatest number of hydroxide ions?
    A solution of a strong base, such as NaOH, has the greatest number of hydroxide ions (OH-).
  • What color does blue litmus paper turn when placed in an acid?
    Blue litmus paper turns red in the presence of an acid.
  • What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?
    A strong acid completely ionizes in water, while a weak acid only partially ionizes.
  • Which substance is an Arrhenius base?
    An Arrhenius base is a substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in water, such as NaOH.
  • What defines a conjugate acid-base pair?
    A conjugate acid-base pair consists of two species that differ by one proton, such as NH4+ and NH3.
  • How does litmus paper identify a base?
    Litmus paper turns blue in the presence of a base.
  • Which reaction will produce a solution that does not conduct electricity?
    A reaction between non-electrolytes, such as mixing sugar and water, produces a solution that does not conduct electricity.
  • What ion do acids release in solution?
    Acids release hydrogen ions (H+) in solution.
  • What characteristic defines a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
    A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a proton donor, such as HCl or H2SO4.
  • Which substance is an acid?
    An acid is a substance that releases H+ ions in water, such as HCl or H2SO4.
  • Which substances are always produced in an acid-base neutralization reaction?
    Water and a salt are always produced in an acid-base neutralization reaction.
  • Which compound is most basic?
    The compound with the strongest base, such as NaOH, is most basic.
  • What is one way to test whether an unknown solution is acidic or basic?
    Use litmus paper or a pH indicator to test if the solution is acidic or basic.
  • What defines a conjugate acid/base pair?
    A conjugate acid/base pair is two species differing by one proton, such as H2O and OH-.
  • How does a Brønsted-Lowry acid react?
    A Brønsted-Lowry acid reacts by donating a proton to a base, e.g., HCl + H2O → H3O+ + Cl-.
  • Give an example of a weak base molecule.
    Ammonia (NH3) is a common example of a weak base.
  • Which example is a hydronium ion?
    The hydronium ion is H3O+.
  • What is a property of a base in aqueous solution?
    Bases produce hydroxide ions (OH-) in water and turn red litmus paper blue.
  • Give an example of a weak base.
    Ammonia (NH3) is a weak base.
  • What kind of solution would have a pH greater than 7.00?
    A solution containing a base, such as NaOH, would have a pH greater than 7.00.
  • Which substance is an Arrhenius acid?
    An Arrhenius acid is a substance that produces H+ ions in water, such as HCl.
  • What kind of solution would have a pH less than 7.00?
    A solution containing an acid, such as HCl, would have a pH less than 7.00.
  • How many acids are shown? How many bases are shown?
    Count the number of substances that release H+ (acids) and those that release OH- (bases) in the given list.
  • How does litmus paper indicate an acid?
    Litmus paper turns red in the presence of an acid.
  • Name some examples of strong acids.
    Strong acids include HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, and HClO4.
  • Which is the best definition of a weak base?
    A weak base only partially ionizes in water.
  • In which type of reaction will an acid and a base react with each other?
    An acid-base neutralization reaction.
  • What is transferred between a conjugate acid-base pair?
    A proton (H+) is transferred between a conjugate acid-base pair.
  • What defines a pair of substances as not being a conjugate acid-base pair?
    Two species that do not differ by one proton are not a conjugate acid-base pair.
  • How does Fe3+ act as an acid in water?
    Fe3+ + H2O → [Fe(H2O)6]3+; [Fe(H2O)6]3+ can act as a weak acid by donating a proton.
  • Which formula can represent hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution?
    H+ or H3O+ can represent hydrogen ions in aqueous solution.
  • Which is the strongest acid?
    Among common acids, HI is the strongest binary acid; among oxyacids, HClO4 is very strong.
  • Which substance always forms when an Arrhenius acid reacts with an Arrhenius base?
    Water always forms when an Arrhenius acid reacts with an Arrhenius base.
  • Which is a strong base?
    Strong bases include NaOH, KOH, Ba(OH)2, and Sr(OH)2.
  • Which substance is an example of a weak base?
    Ammonia (NH3) is a weak base.
  • Give an example of a strong acid.
    HCl is a strong acid.
  • What are some properties of acids?
    Acids taste sour, turn blue litmus paper red, and release H+ ions in water.