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CHM 135

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Terms in this set (20)

  • Combined Gas Law

    PiVi/niTi= PfVf/nfTf

  • How to find density using ideal gas law

    p= MP/RT

    M= molar mass

  • How to find molar mass using ideal gas law

    m/n

    m/pv/rt=

    MRT/PV

  • Two ways to find partial pressure

    Pa= n (RT/v)

    or

    Pa= Xa times Ptot

  • Mole Fraction (Xa)

    Ratio of the number of moles of component present to the total number of moles

    Xa= na/ not

  • Urms

    √3rt/molar mass

  • What two constants change in Urms

    R= 8.314

    Molar mass is now in kg/mol not g/mol

  • At the same temperature all gases have the same average kinetic energy True or False

    True

  • Lighter particles have a _______ Urms

    Higher

  • Heavier particles have a _____ Urms

    Lower

  • If you increase the temperature, the rms speed of a gas Increases or Decreases

    Increases because

    An increase in average

    kinetic energy

    is due to an increase in the rms

    speed

    of the gas particles.

  • 3 Things that are affected by changing temperature.

    Average Kinetic Energy

    rms speed

    Impact of the gas particle on the container wall

  • Diffusion

    Diffusion is the movement of gas particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, leading to the gradual mixing of gases. This occurs due to the random motion of particles, even without external forces like stirring.

  • Effusion

    Effusion is a related process but occurs when gas particles pass through a tiny hole into an evacuated space.

  • 4 Forms of energy

    Thermal energy– the motion of atoms and molecules

       

    Radiant energy– the energy carried by electromagnetic waves

       

    Nuclear energy– the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom, can be released during nuclear reactions

     

    Chemical energy– the energy associated with the arrangement of atoms in a substance

  • Heat (q)

    Heat (q) is the transfer of thermal energy between objects at different temperatures.

  • Temperature

    a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance.

  • System

    refers to the specific part of the universe we are studying, such as the reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

  • Surroundings

    Includes everything else

  • First Law of Thermodynamics

    The total energy of the system and surroundings remains constant.​

    Also known as Law of Conservation of Energy