Question 1

Which of the following best explains why noble gases are generally unreactive under normal conditions?

Accepted Answer

They have a completely filled valence electron shell, achieving a stable octet.

Question 2

Which of the following elements would most readily lose an electron to form a cation?

Accepted Answer

An element with a low ionization energy.

Question 3

A student is asked to write the formula for a compound formed between magnesium ions and chloride ions. Which is the correct formula, and why?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$MgCl_2$$}$$, because two chloride ions are needed to balance the $$+2$$ charge of magnesium.

Question 4

Which statement about polyatomic ions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Polyatomic ions consist of a group of atoms covalently bonded with an overall charge.

Question 5

When writing the chemical formula for an ionic compound, which rule must always be followed?

Accepted Answer

The overall charge of the compound must be zero.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between a cation and an anion?

Accepted Answer

A cation is positively charged due to loss of electrons, while an anion is negatively charged due to gain of electrons.

Question 7

A patient is given a medication containing the polyatomic ion sulfate ($$\mathrm{SO_4$^{2-}}). $$Which of the following is true about this ion?

Accepted Answer

It is a group of atoms covalently bonded with an overall $$-2$$ charge.

Question 8

Which of the following compounds is correctly named and matched with its formula?

Accepted Answer

Calcium nitrate: $$\mathrm{Ca(NO_3$)_2}$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds are generally stable?

Accepted Answer

They are held together by the attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Question 10

A transition metal ion can have more than one possible charge. How is this indicated in the name of the compound?

Accepted Answer

By including a Roman numeral in parentheses after the metal's name.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct formula for the compound formed between ammonium ($$\mathrm{NH_4$^+}) $$and phosphate ($$\mathrm{PO_4$^{3-}}) $$ions?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{(NH_4$)_3PO_4}$$

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the octet rule is correct?

Accepted Answer

Atoms are most stable when they have eight electrons in their valence shell.

Question 13

A compound is formed between iron(III) ions and oxide ions. What is the correct formula for this compound?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Fe_2O_3}$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of ionization energy?

Accepted Answer

The energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom.

Question 15

A solution contains sodium ions ($$\mathrm{Na^+}) $$and carbonate ions ($$\mathrm{CO_3$^{2-}}). $$What is the correct formula for the resulting compound?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Na_2CO_3}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the naming of ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

The cation is named first, followed by the anion.

Question 17

Which of the following ions is most likely to be larger than its parent atom?

Accepted Answer

An anion formed by gaining electrons.

Question 18

A patient is prescribed a medication containing calcium phosphate. What is the correct formula for this compound?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca_3$(PO_4$)_2}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes why compounds containing noble gases are rare?

Accepted Answer

Noble gases have filled valence shells and are chemically stable.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct name for the compound $$\mathrm{$$CuSO_4$$}$$, given that copper can have more than one charge?

Accepted Answer

Copper(II) sulfate

Atoms, Ions, and Ionic Compounds: Structure, Properties, and Naming

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