Question 1

Which of the following statements correctly describes a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A carbohydrate that cannot be broken down into smaller carbohydrates and has the general formula $C_n(H_2O)_n$, where $n \geq 3$.

Question 2

Which functional group is present at the end of an aldose monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Aldehyde group

Question 3

What is the general formula for a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$C_n(H_2O)_n$, where $n$ is a whole number 3 or higher.

Question 4

Which of the following is TRUE about the stereochemistry of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Glucose has four chiral centers, located at carbons 2 to 5.

Question 5

How many possible stereoisomers exist for a monosaccharide with four chiral centers?

Accepted Answer

16

Question 6

Which statement best describes the difference between D- and L-sugars in Fischer projections?

Accepted Answer

D-sugars have the —OH group on the chiral carbon farthest from the carbonyl on the right side; L-sugars have it on the left.

Question 7

Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Maltose

Question 8

What type of reaction forms a glycosidic bond between two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Condensation

Question 9

Which glycosidic bond is found in amylose?

Accepted Answer

$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$

Question 10

Which polysaccharide is the main storage form of glucose in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 11

Which of the following statements about cellulose is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose is made of $\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$-bonded glucose units and forms straight chains.

Question 12

Which functional group is present in ketose monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Ketone group

Question 13

What is the product when an aldose undergoes oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE about the Benedict’s test?

Accepted Answer

A positive result is indicated by a brick-red precipitate due to reduction of $Cu^{2+}$ to $Cu^+$.

Question 15

Which statement best explains why sucrose is NOT a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Both anomeric carbons are involved in the glycosidic bond, so no free anomeric carbon is available.

Question 16

Which of the following is a structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 17

Which of the following best describes an epimer?

Accepted Answer

A stereoisomer that differs in configuration at only one chiral center.

Question 18

Which carbohydrate is found in the genetic material DNA?

Accepted Answer

Deoxyribose

Question 19

Which blood type is considered the universal acceptor in ABO blood group compatibility?

Accepted Answer

Type AB

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE about soluble dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

It mixes with water to form a gel-like substance, slowing sugar and cholesterol absorption.

Carbohydrates: Structure, Classification, and Biological Roles

Study Guide - Practice Questions