Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes a carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

A molecule made from C, H, and O, often called a saccharide, and a major source of energy in the diet.

Question 2

Which process describes the production of carbohydrates in plants?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 3

A monosaccharide with the formula $$\mathrm{C_5H_{10}O_5$}$$ and an aldehyde group is classified as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Aldopentose

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct description of a chiral carbon atom?

Accepted Answer

A carbon atom bonded to four different atoms or groups.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between structural isomers and stereoisomers?

Accepted Answer

Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements, while stereoisomers have the same bonding sequence but differ in spatial arrangement.

Question 6

Which of the following is a real-life example of a chiral object?

Accepted Answer

A pair of gloves

Question 7

A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolyzed to simpler compounds is classified as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the Fischer projection of a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A two-dimensional representation with the most oxidized group at the top and horizontal lines for bonds projecting forward.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about enantiomers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enantiomers are nonsuperimposable mirror images and can have different biological effects.

Question 10

A molecule with the formula $$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$ contains a ketone group. How is it classified?

Accepted Answer

Ketohexose

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why D- and L-erythrose are considered enantiomers?

Accepted Answer

They are mirror images that cannot be superimposed.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about the hydrolysis of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Disaccharides hydrolyze to produce two monosaccharide molecules.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of carbohydrates in living cells?

Accepted Answer

They are oxidized to produce energy.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the classification of monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A pentose contains five carbon atoms.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between an aldose and a ketose?

Accepted Answer

An aldose contains an aldehyde group, while a ketose contains a ketone group.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct application of chirality in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Only one enantiomer of a chiral molecule may be biologically active.

Question 17

A Fischer projection of a monosaccharide has the hydroxyl group on the right of the chiral carbon farthest from the carbonyl group. How is this isomer designated?

Accepted Answer

D-isomer

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between glucose and fructose?

Accepted Answer

They are structural isomers.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the superimposability of Fischer projections?

Accepted Answer

If two Fischer projections can be superimposed, they represent the same molecule.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why chirality is important in pharmaceuticals?

Accepted Answer

Only one enantiomer of a chiral drug may interact correctly with biological receptors.

Carbohydrates: Structure, Classification, and Chirality

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