Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why alkanes are generally insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

Alkanes are nonpolar molecules, while water is polar, so they do not mix due to the 'like dissolves like' principle.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the condensed formula $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3}$$?

Accepted Answer

Pentane

Question 3

A hydrocarbon with the molecular formula $$\mathrm{C_5H_{10}} is $$most likely which type of compound?

Accepted Answer

An alkene

Question 4

Which of the following compounds can exhibit cis-trans isomerism?

Accepted Answer

2-Butene

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct product when 2-butene reacts with hydrogen ($$\mathrm{H_2$}) in $$the presence of a nickel catalyst?

Accepted Answer

Butane

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the structure of benzene?

Accepted Answer

A six-membered ring with alternating double and single bonds, with all carbon-carbon bonds being equal in length.

Question 7

Which of the following compounds is classified as a tertiary (3°) alcohol?

Accepted Answer

2-Methyl-2-propanol

Question 8

Which of the following reactions will convert an aldehyde to a primary alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Reduction with $$\mathrm{$$NaBH_4$$} ($$sodium borohydride)

Question 9

Which of the following statements about ethers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ethers generally have lower boiling points than alcohols of similar molecular mass because they cannot form hydrogen bonds with themselves.

Question 10

A student is given two unknown compounds. One gives a positive Tollens’ test, and the other does not. Which of the following is most likely true?

Accepted Answer

The compound that gives a positive Tollens’ test is an aldehyde.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound shown below?

$$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2OH}$$

Accepted Answer

1-Propanol

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why alcohols have higher boiling points than alkanes of similar molecular mass?

Accepted Answer

Alcohols can form hydrogen bonds, which require more energy to break.

Question 13

Which of the following is the major product when 2-methyl-2-butanol undergoes dehydration in the presence of concentrated $$\mathrm{H_2SO_4}$$?

Accepted Answer

2-Methyl-2-butene

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure:

$$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2COCH_3}$$

Accepted Answer

2-Butanone

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the oxidation of alcohols is correct?

Accepted Answer

Primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes and then to carboxylic acids.

Question 16

A patient is exposed to methanol ($$\mathrm{CH_3OH}) $$and experiences symptoms of poisoning. Which reaction explains why methanol is toxic in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Methanol is oxidized in the liver to formaldehyde (an aldehyde), which is highly toxic.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the hydration of alkenes?

Accepted Answer

Hydration of alkenes requires an acid catalyst and produces an alcohol.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct product when an aldehyde reacts with an alcohol under acidic conditions?

Accepted Answer

A hemiacetal

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between structural isomers and cis-trans isomers?

Accepted Answer

Structural isomers have different connectivity of atoms, while cis-trans isomers have the same connectivity but differ in spatial arrangement around a double bond or ring.

Question 20

Which of the following compounds will give a positive Benedict’s test?

Accepted Answer

An aldehyde

CHM132 Exam 1 Study Guide: Hydrocarbons, Alcohols, Aldehydes & Ketones

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