Question 1

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure shown in the first image (a benzene ring attached to a carboxylic acid group)?

Accepted Answer

Benzoic acid

Question 2

What is the common name for the compound with the structure shown in the second image (a single carbon attached to a carboxylic acid group and a hydrogen)?

Accepted Answer

Formic acid

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the functional group present in all the organic acids shown in the images?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 4

Which monosaccharide is shown as the Fischer projection with all hydroxyl groups on the right except the third carbon from the top, which is on the left?

Accepted Answer

D-glucose

Question 5

Which of the following is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose, as shown in the last image?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between the Fischer and Haworth projections of monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Fischer projections show the linear form, while Haworth projections show the cyclic form.

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the reaction for the formation of a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + C_6H_{12}O_6$ \rightarrow C$$_{12}$$H_{22}O$$_{11} + H_2O$

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why benzoic acid is more acidic than acetic acid?

Accepted Answer

The benzene ring stabilizes the carboxylate ion through resonance.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct formula for formic acid?

Accepted Answer

$$CH_2O_2$$

Question 10

A patient is unable to digest lactose. Which enzyme is most likely deficient, and what is the product of lactose hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Lactase; glucose and galactose

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the relationship between D-glucose and D-galactose?

Accepted Answer

They are epimers, differing at one chiral center.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about the hydrolysis of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose hydrolysis produces glucose and fructose.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why formic acid is more acidic than acetic acid?

Accepted Answer

Formic acid has no electron-donating alkyl group, making the carboxylate ion more stable.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct Haworth projection for $$\beta-D-$$glucose?

Accepted Answer

The cyclic structure with the -OH group on carbon 1 above the plane of the ring.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the reaction that occurs when two monosaccharides form a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A condensation (dehydration synthesis) reaction, releasing water.

Organic Acids and Carbohydrates: Structures and Nomenclature

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