Question 1

Which of the following best describes the field of biochemistry?

Accepted Answer

The study of the chemical reactions and processes in living organisms.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major classes of biomacromolecules in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Minerals

Question 3

Refer to the second image provided. Which class of biomolecules is primarily responsible for forming the structure shown?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 4

Which functional group(s) can act as hydrogen bond donors?

Accepted Answer

Amine group and amide group

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a chiral carbon?

Accepted Answer

A carbon atom bonded to four different groups or atoms.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a constitutional isomer?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_3C-CH_2$-OH}$$ and $$\mathrm{H_3C-O-CH_3$}$$

Question 7

Which class of amino acids has side chains that can form hydrogen bonds with water?

Accepted Answer

Neutral polar, acidic, and basic

Question 8

At physiological pH (7.4), what is the charge state of the backbone functional groups of an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

The amine has a positive charge and the carboxylic acid has a negative charge.

Question 9

Which of the following amino acids is considered shape-determining due to its unique side chain properties?

Accepted Answer

Proline

Question 10

Which type of bond is formed between two amino acids during protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Peptide (amide) bond

Question 11

Which of the following interactions is primarily responsible for stabilizing the secondary structure of an $$\alpha-$$helix?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds forming between peptide bonds

Question 12

Which class of amino acids prefers to have their side chains in a hydrophobic environment?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a zwitterion?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with both positive and negative charges but overall neutral.

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of storage proteins?

Accepted Answer

Storing essential substances for immediate availability

Question 15

Which of the following is true about disulfide bonds in proteins?

Accepted Answer

They are formed between two cysteine residues upon oxidation.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The arrangement and interaction of multiple polypeptide chains.

Question 17

Which of the following interactions is NOT involved in stabilizing the tertiary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bonds

Question 18

Which of the following amino acids has a side chain that can form a covalent disulfide bond?

Accepted Answer

Cysteine

Question 19

Which of the following statements about protein folding is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic side chains are buried in the protein core to avoid water.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in the body?

Accepted Answer

They act as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

Proteins and Their Amino Acid Building Blocks: Structure, Function, and Classification

Study Guide - Practice Questions