Question 1

Which of the following best describes the field of biochemistry?

Accepted Answer

The study of the chemical reactions and processes occurring in living organisms.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major classes of biomacromolecules in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Question 3

Refer to the second image provided. Which class of biomolecules is primarily responsible for forming the structure shown in the image?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 4

Which of the following functional groups can act as hydrogen bond donors?

Accepted Answer

Amine group and amide group

Question 5

Amino acids are classified based on the properties of their side chains. Which class of amino acids has side chains that are hydrophobic and prefer to be buried inside proteins?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar

Question 6

Which of the following statements about chiral carbons is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A chiral carbon is bonded to four different groups.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a zwitterion?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with both a positive and a negative charge, but overall neutral.

Question 8

At physiological pH ($$pH = 7.4$$), which backbone functional groups of an amino acid are charged?

Accepted Answer

The amine has a positive charge and the carboxylic acid has a negative charge.

Question 9

Which of the following amino acids is most likely to be found at the surface of a soluble protein, interacting with water?

Accepted Answer

Serine

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the primary structure of a protein is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the bond formed between two amino acids in a protein?

Accepted Answer

An amide (peptide) bond

Question 12

Which of the following amino acids is most likely to form a disulfide bond in a protein's tertiary structure?

Accepted Answer

Cysteine

Question 13

Which of the following interactions is primarily responsible for stabilizing the secondary structure of proteins such as alpha helices and beta sheets?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between backbone amide groups

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about the quaternary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

It involves the association of multiple polypeptide chains.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a protein with quaternary structure?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin

Question 16

Which of the following amino acids is considered a 'shape-determining' amino acid due to its unique side chain structure?

Accepted Answer

Proline

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why glycine is often found in protein turns and loops?

Accepted Answer

It is small and flexible due to its hydrogen side chain.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of an enantiomer?

Accepted Answer

A stereoisomer that is a non-superimposable mirror image of another molecule.

Question 19

Which of the following classes of amino acids have side chains that can form hydrogen bonds with water?

Accepted Answer

Neutral polar, acidic, and basic

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the isoelectric point ($$pI) of an $$amino acid is correct?

Accepted Answer

At the isoelectric point, the amino acid has no net charge.

Proteins and Their Amino Acid Building Blocks: Structure and Function

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