Question 1

Which of the following best describes the field of biochemistry?

Accepted Answer

The study of the chemical reactions and processes occurring in living organisms.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major classes of biomacromolecules in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with anemia due to low iron storage. Which protein is most likely measured in their blood to confirm this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Ferritin

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the general structure of an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A central carbon atom bonded to an amine group, a carboxylic acid group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable side chain (R group).

Question 5

Which of the following statements about chiral carbons is correct?

Accepted Answer

A chiral carbon is a carbon atom bonded to four different groups or atoms.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a pair of enantiomers?

Accepted Answer

L- and D-amino acids

Question 7

Which class of amino acids has side chains that can form hydrogen bonds with water?

Accepted Answer

Neutral polar, acidic, and basic

Question 8

At physiological pH (7.4), what is the charge state of the backbone functional groups of an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

The amine has a positive charge and the carboxylic acid has a negative charge.

Question 9

Which of the following amino acids is most likely to be found in the interior of a folded protein, away from water?

Accepted Answer

Leucine

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a zwitterion?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with both a positive and a negative charge, but overall neutral.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the primary structure of a protein is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, written from the N-terminus to the C-terminus.

Question 12

Which of the following amino acids is NOT considered a shape-determining amino acid?

Accepted Answer

Alanine

Question 13

Which of the following interactions is primarily responsible for stabilizing the secondary structure of proteins such as alpha helices and beta sheets?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds forming between peptide bonds

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of disulfide bonds in protein structure?

Accepted Answer

They form covalent bonds that stabilize the tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about the quaternary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

It involves the association of two or more polypeptide chains into a functional protein complex.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why glycine is often found in turns or loops of protein structures?

Accepted Answer

Glycine has a small side chain (hydrogen), making it very flexible.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of structural proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Providing support and maintaining the shape of cells and tissues.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the hydrophobic effect in protein folding?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar side chains cluster together in the interior of the protein to avoid water.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions in the body.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between constitutional isomers and stereoisomers?

Accepted Answer

Constitutional isomers differ in the bonding order of atoms, while stereoisomers have the same bonding order but different spatial arrangements.

Lecture 8

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