Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the process of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration across a semipermeable membrane.

Question 2

A patient receives an intravenous (IV) solution that is hypotonic compared to their blood plasma. What is the most likely outcome for their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

The red blood cells will swell and possibly burst as water enters the cells.

Question 3

Which of the following compounds is a strong electrolyte when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

Sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl})$$

Question 4

What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl}$$, molar mass $$58.44\ \mathrm{g/mol}) in $$enough water to make $$250\ \mathrm{mL} of $$solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.68\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the dissolution of potassium sulfate ($$\mathrm{K_2SO_4}) in $$water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{K_2SO_4\ (s) \rightarrow 2\ K^+\ (aq) + SO_4$^{2-}\ (aq)}$$

Question 6

How many total ions are produced when $$1\ \mathrm{mol} of$$ $$\mathrm{$$CaCl_2$$}$$ dissolves in water?

Accepted Answer

3 ions

Question 7

A $$0.10\ \mathrm{M}$$ solution of $$\mathrm{Na_2SO_4} is $$prepared. What is the molarity of sodium ions ($$\mathrm{Na^+}) in $$the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.20\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the term 'equivalent' in solution chemistry?

Accepted Answer

The amount of solute that supplies one mole of charge in solution.

Question 9

A $$50.0\ \mathrm{mL}$$ sample of $$0.40\ \mathrm{M}$$ $$\mathrm{HCl} is $$diluted to $$200.0\ \mathrm{mL}. $$What is the final molarity?

Accepted Answer

$$0.10\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 10

Which of the following solutions will have the highest osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5\ \mathrm{M}$$ sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl})$$

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid ($$\mathrm{HCl}) $$with sodium hydroxide ($$\mathrm{NaOH}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl\ (aq) + NaOH\ (aq) \rightarrow NaCl\ (aq) + H_2O\ (l)}$$

Question 12

What is the pH of a solution with $$[\mathrm{H_3O^+}] = 1.0 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$?

Accepted Answer

pH = 4

Question 13

Which of the following is the conjugate base of $$\mathrm{H_2SO_4}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$HSO_4$$^-}$$

Question 14

Which of the following acids is classified as a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

Hydrochloric acid ($$\mathrm{HCl})$$

Question 15

A solution has a pH of 2. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The solution is acidic.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes why acids and bases are classified as electrolytes?

Accepted Answer

They produce ions in solution that conduct electricity.

Question 17

Which of the following pairs are conjugate acid-base pairs?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NH_4$^+}$$ and $$\mathrm{NH_3$}$$

Question 18

If $$[\mathrm{H_3O^+}] in a $$solution increases from $$1.0 	imes 10$$^{-7}$$\ \mathrm{M} to$$ $$1.0 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$, what happens to the pH?

Accepted Answer

The pH decreases.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the direction of water flow when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?

Accepted Answer

Water flows out of the cell.

Solution Chemistry and Acids & Bases: Study Guide for CHEM 10055

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