Question 1

Which of the following best describes the functional group present in thiols, such as those found in skunk spray?

Accepted Answer

A sulfhydryl group (–SH) attached to a carbon chain

Question 2

What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the following condensed formula: CH3CH2CH2OH?

Accepted Answer

1-Propanol

Question 3

Which of the following alcohols is most soluble in water, and why?

Accepted Answer

Methanol, because it has the shortest carbon chain and can form hydrogen bonds with water

Question 4

Which of the following reactions represents the oxidation of a primary alcohol?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{RCH_2OH \xrightarrow{[O]} RCHO} $$

Question 5

A student mixes butanal with Tollen’s reagent. What is the expected observation and why?

Accepted Answer

A silver mirror forms because butanal is an aldehyde and is oxidized by Tollen’s reagent.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why ethers such as diethyl ether are less soluble in water than alcohols of similar molecular weight?

Accepted Answer

Ethers cannot form hydrogen bonds with water as effectively as alcohols.

Question 7

What is the product of the dehydration of 2-propanol when heated with an acid catalyst?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{CH_3CH=CH_2$}  ($$propene)

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the oxidation of alcohols is correct?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary alcohols do not undergo oxidation under normal conditions.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure: CH3CH2CH2SH?

Accepted Answer

1-Propanethiol

Question 10

A solution of acetone (propanone) is mixed with Benedict’s reagent and heated. What is the expected result and why?

Accepted Answer

No color change, because ketones do not react with Benedict’s reagent.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the classification of 2-methyl-2-propanol?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary alcohol

Question 12

What is the product of the reduction of butanone using sodium borohydride ($$ \mathrm{$$NaBH_4$$} $$)?

Accepted Answer

2-Butanol

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why phenols are only slightly soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

The large nonpolar benzene ring reduces the effect of the polar –OH group.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the combustion of ethanol ($$ \mathrm{C_2H_5OH} $$)?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{C_2H_5OH + 3O_2 \rightarrow 2CO_2 + 3H_2O} $$

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct common name for the ether with the structure CH3OCH2CH2CH3?

Accepted Answer

Methyl propyl ether

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the product formed when two molecules of methanethiol ($$ \mathrm{CH_3SH} ) $$are oxidized?

Accepted Answer

Dimethyl disulfide ($$ \mathrm{CH_3SSCH_3} )$$

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the carbonyl group is correct?

Accepted Answer

The carbonyl carbon has a partial positive charge, making it susceptible to nucleophilic attack.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3COCH2CH3?

Accepted Answer

2-Butanone

Question 19

A patient is exposed to a mixture of thiols from skunk spray. Which property of thiols is most responsible for their strong, disagreeable odor?

Accepted Answer

Presence of the –SH group

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the solubility trend of alcohols in water as the carbon chain length increases?

Accepted Answer

Solubility decreases as the carbon chain length increases.

Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones: Structure, Properties, and Reactions

Study Guide - Practice Questions