Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the mitochondrion in a human cell?

Accepted Answer

It produces ATP through cellular respiration.

Question 2

A cell is observed under a microscope and found to have a large central vacuole, chloroplasts, and a cell wall. Which domain of life does this cell most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct order of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analysis, Conclusion

Question 4

A molecule has a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other. Which property does this molecule exhibit?

Accepted Answer

Polarity

Question 5

Which of the following elements is most abundant in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 6

If a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, what will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will remain the same size.

Question 7

Which protein complex is responsible for most ATP production during the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthase

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the process of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration without energy input

Question 9

Which of the following substances can freely pass through the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Small nonpolar molecules

Question 10

A patient is exposed to a radioisotope during a medical scan. Why is radioisotope technology important in medicine?

Accepted Answer

It enables visualization of internal structures and metabolic activity.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the relationship between cell size and surface area?

Accepted Answer

As cell size increases, the surface area-to-volume ratio decreases.

Question 12

Which type of microscopy would be most appropriate for viewing the internal structure of a mitochondrion?

Accepted Answer

Transmission electron microscopy

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by both living and nonliving things?

Accepted Answer

Presence of atoms and molecules

Question 14

Which of the following best describes homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The maintenance of a stable internal environment

Question 15

Which of the following is true about ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

They result from the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Question 16

Which of the following tissues is found lining the stomach and is responsible for contraction?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of glucose to pyruvate

Question 18

During the citric acid cycle, which electron carriers are produced and from where do they get their electrons?

Accepted Answer

NADH and FADH$$_2$$; electrons are obtained from the oxidation of acetyl-CoA

Question 19

Which of the following best describes active transport across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from low to high concentration using ATP

Question 20

Which of the following junctions allows for direct communication between adjacent cells?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Human Biology Exam 1 Study Guide: Chapters 1–4

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards