Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the hydrolysis of ATP?

$$\mathrm{ATP} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{Pi} + \text{energy}$$

Q: What is the fate of the hydrogen ions and electrons released during the breakdown of G3P in glycolysis?

They are picked up by NAD\textsuperscript{+} to form NADH.

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between linear and cyclic metabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

In linear pathways, the product of one reaction becomes the substrate for the next, while in cyclic pathways, the substrate enters and the cycle repeats with the same basic chemicals.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of an anabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

Assembly of proteins from amino acids

Question 3

What is the primary role of coenzymes such as NAD	extsuperscript{+} and FADH in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They assist enzymes by transferring electrons and hydrogen ions during metabolic reactions.

Question 4

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy in the bonds between its phosphate groups.

Question 6

If oxygen is not present in a cell, what happens to the pyruvate produced during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

It cannot enter the mitochondria and is instead used in anaerobic pathways.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the preparatory step in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate is converted into a 2-carbon acetyl group, carbon dioxide, and NADH.

Question 8

Which of the following equations correctly represents the hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{Pi} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 9

What is the fate of the hydrogen ions and electrons released during the breakdown of G3P in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

They are picked up by NAD	extsuperscript{+} to form NADH.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a product of the preparatory step in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 11

A patient is unable to produce NAD	extsuperscript{+} in their cells. Which stage of cellular respiration would be directly affected first?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why cells can use proteins and fats as alternative energy sources when glucose is unavailable?

Accepted Answer

Proteins and fats can be converted into intermediates that enter metabolic pathways such as glycolysis or the citric acid cycle.

Question 13

Which of the following is true regarding the role of coenzyme A in the preparatory step?

Accepted Answer

It picks up an acetyl group to form acetyl CoA.

Question 14

How many NADH molecules are produced from one glucose molecule during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

The direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from a phosphorylated intermediate.

Question 16

Which of the following is a waste product of the preparatory step in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Question 17

A mutation prevents the formation of acetyl CoA in a cell. Which process would be directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid cycle

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why glycolysis can occur in the absence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis does not require oxygen and occurs in the cytoplasm.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the first two stages of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis → Preparatory step → Citric acid cycle

Question 20

Which of the following statements about enzymes in metabolic pathways is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are specific to each reaction and can be reused.

Metabolic Pathways and Energy Production in Human Cells

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