Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of arteries in the peripheral vascular system?

Accepted Answer

To carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body under high pressure

Question 2

A patient presents with a deep, non-bleeding ulcer on the lateral aspect of the ankle, shiny skin, and diminished pulses. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Arterial (ischemic) ulcer

Question 3

Which of the following veins is classified as a superficial vein of the lower extremity?

Accepted Answer

Great saphenous vein

Question 4

A nurse is performing the Modified Allen’s Test. What is the purpose of this test?

Accepted Answer

To evaluate the patency of the ulnar and radial arteries in the hand

Question 5

Which of the following findings is most characteristic of chronic peripheral arterial disease (PAD)?

Accepted Answer

Pallor on elevation of the limbs, and rubor when the limbs are dependent

Question 6

A patient’s ankle systolic pressure is 90 mmHg and brachial systolic pressure is 120 mmHg. Calculate the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) and interpret the result.

Accepted Answer

$$ABI = \frac{90}{120} = 0.75$$, indicating moderate PAD

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Retrieving excess fluid from tissues and returning it to the bloodstream

Question 8

A patient presents with a swollen, tender, and erythematous lower leg. Which condition should be suspected?

Accepted Answer

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Question 9

Which pulse grading indicates a normal pulse?

Accepted Answer

2+ (normal)

Question 10

A patient with chronic venous insufficiency is most likely to present with which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Aching, tiredness, and brown discoloration at the medial malleolus

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct step in the assessment for arterial deficit in the lower extremities?

Accepted Answer

Raise both legs off the table, have the patient move their feet, then observe for color return when legs are dependent

Question 12

Which of the following statements about lymph nodes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They filter fluids before returning them to the bloodstream

Question 13

A male patient reports new-onset impotence. Which vascular condition should be considered as a possible cause?

Accepted Answer

Decreased blood flow or occlusion of the blood vessels

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a superficial lymph node group?

Accepted Answer

Femoral

Question 15

A patient’s lower leg shows a brown discoloration, thickened skin, and a weeping ulcer at the medial malleolus. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Venous (stasis) ulcer

Question 16

Which of the following is a recommended health promotion strategy for patients with peripheral vascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Maintain blood flow to feet and keep skin soft and smooth

Question 17

Which of the following is a sign of local inflammation in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Swollen, tender lymph nodes

Question 18

Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the systemic circulation?

Accepted Answer

Aorta

Question 19

Which of the following is a plausible reason for an older adult to develop arteriosclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Loss of arterial elasticity with age

Question 20

A patient presents with fingers that turn white, then blue, then red in response to cold or stress. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Raynaud’s phenomenon

Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic Systems: Structure, Function, and Clinical Assessment

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