Question 1

Which statement is NOT a part of Dalton’s atomic theory?

Accepted Answer

Atoms can be created or destroyed in chemical reactions.

Question 2

J.J. Thomson’s cathode ray tube experiment led to the discovery of which subatomic particle?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Question 3

Which aspect of the plum-pudding model was later proven incorrect by Rutherford’s gold foil experiment?

Accepted Answer

Atoms are mostly empty space.

Question 4

In Rutherford’s gold foil experiment, most alpha particles passed through the foil, but some were deflected at large angles. What did this observation lead to?

Accepted Answer

The realization that atoms have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus

Question 5

Which of the following lists the three subatomic particles in the atom?

Accepted Answer

Proton, neutron, electron

Question 6

Which property is unique to protons among the subatomic particles?

Accepted Answer

They are found in the nucleus and have a positive charge.

Question 7

Which statement best describes the electron?

Accepted Answer

It is a negatively charged particle found outside the nucleus.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about neutrons?

Accepted Answer

They have no charge and are found in the nucleus.

Question 9

What information does the atomic symbol $$^{A}_{Z}X$$ provide?

Accepted Answer

The element’s name, atomic number, and mass number.

Question 10

If an atom has an atomic number $$Z = 8$$ and a mass number $$A = 16$$, how many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$8 ($$since $$A - Z = 16 - 8 = 8)$$

Question 11

What was Dmitri Mendeleev’s major contribution to chemistry?

Accepted Answer

He developed the first widely accepted periodic table based on atomic mass.

Question 12

How did Julius Lothar Meyer’s periodic table differ from Mendeleev’s?

Accepted Answer

Meyer arranged elements by increasing atomic mass and emphasized periodic trends in physical properties.

Question 13

Which statement best describes the Periodic Law?

Accepted Answer

The properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains periodicity in the modern Periodic Table?

Accepted Answer

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties due to similar valence electron configurations.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the structure of the periodic table is correct?

Accepted Answer

Groups are vertical columns and periods are horizontal rows.

Question 16

A neutral atom of sodium has an atomic number $$Z = 11. $$How many electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$11$$

Question 17

Which experiment provided evidence that atoms are mostly empty space?

Accepted Answer

Rutherford’s gold foil experiment

Question 18

Which property is shared by all isotopes of an element?

Accepted Answer

Same atomic number

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world application of the periodic law?

Accepted Answer

Predicting the chemical behavior of newly discovered elements

Question 20

If an element has the atomic symbol $$^{23}_{11}Na$$, what is the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral atom?

Accepted Answer

11 protons, 12 neutrons, 11 electrons

Chapter 4 Part 1: Foundations of Atomic Theory and the Periodic Table

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