Q: Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the energy ($E$), frequency ($\nu$), and wavelength ($\lambda$) of electromagnetic radiation?

$E = h \nu$ and c = \lambda \nu$

Question 1

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the energy ($E$), frequency ($
u$), and wavelength ($\lambda$) of electromagnetic radiation?

Accepted Answer

$E = h 
u$ and c = \lambda 
u$

Question 2

Which region of the electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength and the highest energy?

Accepted Answer

Gamma rays

Question 3

How many electrons can be held in the $n=3$ shell of an atom?

Accepted Answer

18

Question 4

Which of the following electron configurations represents a violation of the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

Accepted Answer

$1s^2\ 2s^2\ 2p^6\ 3s^2\ 3p^6\ 4s^2\ 3d^{10}\ 4p^7$

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why sodium (Na) forms a $+1$ ion while magnesium (Mg) forms a $+2$ ion?

Accepted Answer

Sodium loses one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration, while magnesium loses two.

Question 6

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar, despite having polar bonds?

Accepted Answer

CO$_2$

Question 7

Given the Lewis structure for methane (CH$_4$), what is the molecular geometry and bond angle?

Accepted Answer

Tetrahedral, $109.5^\circ$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about intermolecular forces is correct?

Accepted Answer

London dispersion forces are present in all molecules, regardless of polarity.

Question 9

A sample of gas in a sealed container is heated from $25^\circ$C to $75^\circ$C at constant volume. What happens to the pressure?

Accepted Answer

It increases.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the process of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration.

Question 11

Which of the following solutions is a strong electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

NaCl(aq)

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why water (H$_2$O) has a higher boiling point than methane (CH$_4$)?

Accepted Answer

Water has stronger hydrogen bonding than methane.

Question 13

A 2.0 L container holds 1.0 mol of an ideal gas at 300 K. What is the pressure in atmospheres? (Use $R = 0.0821\ \mathrm{L\cdot atm\cdot mol^{-1}\cdot K^{-1}}$)

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for carbon dioxide (CO$_2$)?

Accepted Answer

O=C=O, with each O atom having two lone pairs

Question 15

Which of the following statements about ionic and covalent bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds form between metals and nonmetals, while covalent bonds form between nonmetals.

Question 16

Which of the following gases will diffuse the fastest at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

NH$_3$

Question 17

A solution is prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 500 mL of solution. What is the molarity of the solution? (Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

0.29 M

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a buffer solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct application of the ideal gas law $PV = nRT$?

Accepted Answer

Calculating the number of moles of gas in a tire at a given pressure, volume, and temperature.

Chem 2A Exam 3 Study Guide (Chapters 9–13): Electrons, Bonding, Gases, Liquids, and Solutions

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