Question 1

Which of the following statements best distinguishes a scientific law from a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A scientific law summarizes a series of related observations, while a scientific theory provides an explanation for those observations.

Question 2

A student measures the mass of a sample as 0.00450 g. How many significant figures are in this measurement?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 3

Which of the following correctly expresses 0.000312 in scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

$$3.12 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$

Question 4

A sample of metal has a mass of 45.0 g and a volume of 15.0 mL. What is its density?

Accepted Answer

$$3.00\ \mathrm{g/mL}$$

Question 5

Which of the following is a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

Iron rusting in moist air

Question 6

A 100.0 g sample of water is heated from $$25.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C} to$$ $$75.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}. If $$the specific heat capacity of water is $$4.18\ \mathrm{J/g\cdot ^\circ C}$$, how much heat is absorbed?

Accepted Answer

$$20,900\ \mathrm{J}$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 8

What is the formula mass of sodium sulfate, $$\mathrm{Na_2SO_4}$$? (Na: 23.0, S: 32.1, O: 16.0)

Accepted Answer

$$142.1\ \mathrm{g/mol}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{$$FeCl_3$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) chloride

Question 10

How many moles of $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$ are present in 44.0 g of $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$? (Molar mass of $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$ = $$44.0\ \mathrm{g/mol})$$

Accepted Answer

$$1.00\ \mathrm{mol}$$

Question 11

A compound contains 40.0% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen by mass. What is its empirical formula?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_2O}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the combustion of methane ($$\mathrm{CH_4$}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_4$} + 2\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow \mathrm{CO_2$} + 2\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 13

If 10.0 g of hydrogen reacts with 80.0 g of oxygen to form water, what is the limiting reactant? (Molar mass: H$$_2 = 2.0 g/$$mol, O$$_2 = 32.0 g/$$mol)

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen

Question 14

Which of the following electron configurations represents a neutral atom of magnesium?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^2$$

Question 15

Which of the following molecules is polar?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 16

A gas occupies 2.00 L at 1.00 atm and $$273\ \mathrm{K}. $$What volume will it occupy at 2.00 atm and $$273\ \mathrm{K}$$, assuming ideal behavior?

Accepted Answer

$$1.00\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 17

What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of NaCl (molar mass = $$58.44\ \mathrm{g/mol}) in $$enough water to make 500.0 mL of solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.342\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the Law of Conservation of Mass is correct?

Accepted Answer

The total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products in a chemical reaction.

Question 19

A solution is prepared by diluting 25.0 mL of a 2.00 M NaOH solution to a final volume of 100.0 mL. What is the final concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$0.500\ \mathrm{M}$$

Comprehensive Study Guide: Introductory Chemistry (CHM1032) Final Exam Topics

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