Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between wavelength ($$\lambda) $$and frequency ($$
u) of $$electromagnetic radiation?

Accepted Answer

As wavelength increases, frequency decreases.

Question 2

Which region of the electromagnetic spectrum has the highest energy photons?

Accepted Answer

Gamma rays

Question 3

The emission spectrum of hydrogen contains discrete lines rather than a continuous spectrum. What does this observation support?

Accepted Answer

Electrons exist only in specific energy levels.

Question 4

According to the Bohr model, what happens when an electron in a hydrogen atom moves from $$n=4 to$$ $$n=2$$?

Accepted Answer

The atom emits energy as a photon.

Question 5

Why did the Bohr model fail to explain the line spectra of elements other than hydrogen?

Accepted Answer

It could not account for electron-electron interactions in multi-electron atoms.

Question 6

Which of the following is a legitimate sublevel designation?

Accepted Answer

4p

Question 7

How many electrons can occupy the $$3d$$ sublevel?

Accepted Answer

10

Question 8

Which principle states that electrons will fill the lowest energy orbitals available before occupying higher energy orbitals?

Accepted Answer

Aufbau principle

Question 9

What is the ground-state electron configuration for a neutral sodium atom ($$Z=11$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^22s^22$p^63s^1$

Question 10

Which element has the abbreviated electron configuration $$[Ar]4s^23$d^{10}4p^5$?

Accepted Answer

Bromine

Question 11

How many valence electrons does bromine have?

Accepted Answer

7

Question 12

Which of the following elements is expected to have the largest atomic radius based on periodic trends?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Question 13

Which element is expected to have the highest metallic character?

Accepted Answer

Barium

Question 14

Which element is expected to have the highest ionization energy?

Accepted Answer

Bromine

Question 15

Which element is expected to have the highest electron affinity?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 16

What is the charge of the most stable ion formed by a Group 16 element such as oxygen?

Accepted Answer

$$-2$$

Question 17

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with argon ($$Ar$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$Cl^-$$

Question 18

A phosphorus atom gains three electrons to form a phosphide ion. What is the electron configuration of the $$P^{3-}$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

$$[Ne]3s^23$p^6$

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why metals tend to form cations?

Accepted Answer

Metals have low ionization energies and lose electrons easily.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about atomic orbitals is correct?

Accepted Answer

The $$p$$ orbitals are shaped like dumbbells and are oriented along the $$x$$, $$y$$, and $$z$$ axes.

Electrons and the Periodic Table: Foundations of Atomic Structure and Periodicity

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