Question 1

Which of the following best explains why hydrogen gas was responsible for the Hindenburg disaster, while modern blimps use helium?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen has only one electron and is highly reactive, while helium has a full outer shell and is inert.

Question 2

Which property of light determines the amount of energy carried by a photon?

Accepted Answer

Its wavelength

Question 3

Arrange the following types of electromagnetic radiation in order of increasing energy per photon: microwaves, visible light, X-rays.

Accepted Answer

Microwaves \u003c Visible light \u003c X-rays

Question 4

Which equation correctly relates the speed of light ($$c$$), wavelength ($$\lambda$$), and frequency ($$
u$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$c = \lambda 
u$$

Question 5

Why do alkali metals (Group 1) tend to form $$1^+$$ ions in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

They have one valence electron, which they lose to achieve a noble gas configuration.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the Bohr model of the atom is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons occupy quantized orbits with specific energies.

Question 7

What is the electron configuration for a ground-state carbon atom?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^2$$

Question 8

Which principle states that electrons occupy orbitals singly before pairing up in orbitals of equal energy?

Accepted Answer

Hund's rule

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between an orbital in the quantum-mechanical model and an orbit in the Bohr model?

Accepted Answer

An orbital is a probability map showing where an electron is likely to be found, while an orbit is a fixed path at a set distance from the nucleus.

Question 10

Which element has the electron configuration $$[Ne]3s^2$ 3p^5$?

Accepted Answer

Chlorine

Question 11

Which of the following trends is observed as you move from left to right across a period in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Atomic size decreases, ionization energy increases, metallic character decreases.

Question 12

Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength and the highest energy per photon?

Accepted Answer

Gamma rays

Question 13

A red shirt appears red because:

Accepted Answer

It reflects red light and absorbs all other colors.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the emission spectrum of hydrogen?

Accepted Answer

It consists of specific lines corresponding to electron transitions between quantized energy levels.

Question 15

Which of the following electron configurations represents a noble gas?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^6$$

Question 16

Which of the following statements about ionizing radiation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ionizing radiation includes gamma rays and X-rays, which can damage or destroy biological molecules.

Question 17

Which of the following elements is most likely to gain one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration?

Accepted Answer

Chlorine

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the trend in atomic size as you move down a group in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Atomic size increases due to electrons occupying orbitals with higher principal quantum numbers.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for a ground-state sodium atom?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^6$$ $$3s^1$$

Electrons in Atoms and the Periodic Table: Chapter 9 Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions