Q: A food label lists 10 g of fat, 5 g of protein, and 20 g of carbohydrates. Using the caloric values $$9 \ \mathrm{Cal/g}$$ for fat, $$4 \ \mathrm{Cal/g}$$ for protein, and $$4 \ \mathrm{Cal/g}$$ for carbohydrates, what is the total caloric content from these macronutrients?

$$10 \times 9 + 5 \times 4 + 20 \times 4 = 90 + 20 + 80 = 190 \ \mathrm{Cal}$$

Question 1

Which functional group is primarily responsible for the pleasant aromas found in many fruits and perfumes, and is formed by the reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

Ester

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the products of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of a fat (triglyceride)?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 3

A food label lists 10 g of fat, 5 g of protein, and 20 g of carbohydrates. Using the caloric values $$9 \ \mathrm{Cal/g}$$ for fat, $$4 \ \mathrm{Cal/g}$$ for protein, and $$4 \ \mathrm{Cal/g}$$ for carbohydrates, what is the total caloric content from these macronutrients?

Accepted Answer

$$10 	imes 9 + 5 	imes 4 + 20 	imes 4 = 90 + 20 + 80 = 190 \ \mathrm{Cal}$$

Question 4

Which type of bond links monosaccharide units together in disaccharides and polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic bond

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the oxidation of alcohols is correct?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary alcohols do not oxidize under mild conditions.

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct classification for the amine in the compound $$\mathrm{CH_3NH_2}$$?

Accepted Answer

Primary amine

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the products of base hydrolysis (saponification) of a fat?

Accepted Answer

Soap (salts of fatty acids) and glycerol

Question 8

Which of the following saccharides is the main storage form of carbohydrate in humans?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 9

Which functional group is formed by the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an amine?

Accepted Answer

Amide

Question 10

A patient is found to have a blood type that contains both A and B antigens on the surface of their red blood cells. Based on this information, which blood type do they have?

Accepted Answer

Type AB

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2COOH}$$?

Accepted Answer

Propanoic acid

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the caloric values of macronutrients is correct?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates and proteins both provide $$4 \ \mathrm{Cal/g}.$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a secondary amine?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{(CH_3$)_2NH}$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of neutralizing an amine?

Accepted Answer

Reacting the amine with a strong acid to form an ammonium salt

Question 15

Which of the following is a disaccharide commonly found in milk?

Accepted Answer

Lactose

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct structure for ethyl acetate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_3COOCH_2CH_3}$$

Question 17

Which of the following statements about cellulose is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is a polysaccharide found in plants and is indigestible by humans.

Question 18

A compound is named 2-propanol. Which functional group does it contain?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct outcome for the oxidation of a primary alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Aldehyde, which can further oxidize to a carboxylic acid

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between starch and cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Starch is digestible by humans, while cellulose is not.

Functional Groups, Saccharides, and Organic Chemistry in Biological Context

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