Q: If 5 grams of NaCl are dissolved in 95 grams of water, what is the percent by mass of NaCl in the solution?

$\frac{5}{5+95} \times 100 = 5\%$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an ionic compound?

Accepted Answer

A compound consisting of a metal and a nonmetal that is made up of charged particles (ions) and dissolves in water.

Question 2

Which of the following is a property of covalent compounds?

Accepted Answer

They generally have low melting and boiling points.

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why NaCl (table salt) dissolves in water?

Accepted Answer

The positive and negative ions in NaCl are attracted to the polar water molecules, causing the ions to separate and disperse.

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct formula for magnesium chloride?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{MgCl_2}$

Question 5

A solution is made by dissolving 10 grams of KNO$_3$ in 100 grams of water at 40$^\circ$C. According to the solubility graph, is this solution saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated, because less than the maximum amount of KNO$_3$ can dissolve at this temperature.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about solutions is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

Question 7

When sugar is dissolved in water, which of the following is the solute?

Accepted Answer

Sugar

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the process of dissociation in ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Ions separate from each other and disperse throughout the solvent.

Question 9

Which of the following compounds is most likely to conduct electricity when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{NaBr}$

Question 10

A student adds more solute to a saturated solution at constant temperature. What will happen?

Accepted Answer

The added solute will not dissolve and will remain as a solid.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two nonmetals.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct order of types of matter from MOST to LEAST complex?

Accepted Answer

Compounds, elements, atoms

Question 13

If 5 grams of NaCl are dissolved in 95 grams of water, what is the percent by mass of NaCl in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{5}{5+95} 	imes 100 = 5\%$

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds tend to have high melting points?

Accepted Answer

Strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions require a lot of energy to break.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about the solubility of ionic compounds in water?

Accepted Answer

Most ionic compounds are soluble in water because water molecules stabilize the separated ions.

Question 16

Which of the following is the best way to increase the concentration of a salt solution?

Accepted Answer

Add more salt to the solution.

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life example of a covalent compound?

Accepted Answer

Glucose ($\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6}$)

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a saturated solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution in which no more solute can dissolve at a given temperature.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for calcium bromide?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{CaBr_2}$

Question 20

A student is given a sample of an unknown compound. It is a solid at room temperature, dissolves in water, and the solution conducts electricity. Which type of compound is it most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Ionic compound

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