Q: Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the preparation of ammonium carbonate, $(\text{NH}_4)_2\text{CO}_3$, from ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water?

$2\text{NH}_3 + \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{CO}_3$

Question 1

Which of the following statements about the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The limiting reactant is completely consumed first and determines the maximum amount of product formed.

Question 2

Given the reaction: $2	ext{Na} + 	ext{Cl}_2 ightarrow 2	ext{NaCl}$, how many moles of chlorine gas are needed to produce 0.5 moles of sodium chloride?

Accepted Answer

$0.25$ moles

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct definition of percent yield?

Accepted Answer

Percent yield is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, multiplied by 100.

Question 4

Suppose you have 2.5 moles of HCl and 1.4 moles of Ca(OH)$_2$ for the reaction: $2	ext{HCl} + 	ext{Ca(OH)}_2 ightarrow 2	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{CaCl}_2$. How many moles of CaCl$_2$ can be theoretically produced?

Accepted Answer

1.25 moles

Question 5

A sample of $8.5$ g NH$_3$ on oxidation produces $4.5$ g of NO. Calculate the percent yield for the reaction: $4	ext{NH}_3 + 5	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 4	ext{NO} + 6	ext{H}_2	ext{O}$.

Accepted Answer

$75\%$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about global warming is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

If the level of greenhouse gases increases, the temperature will decrease.

Question 7

Given the reaction: $2	ext{Al} + 3	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 2	ext{Al}_2	ext{O}_3$, how many grams of aluminum oxide are produced from $10.0$ grams of Al and $19.0$ grams of O$_2$?

Accepted Answer

$18.0$ g

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct formula for the carbonate ion?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{CO}_3^{2-}$

Question 9

If you start with $4$ moles of KClO$_3$ in the reaction $2	ext{KClO}_3 ightarrow 2	ext{KCl} + 3	ext{O}_2$, how many moles of O$_2$ can be produced?

Accepted Answer

$6$ moles

Question 10

Which ingredient is the limiting reactant if you have 5 cups of flour, 9 eggs, and 3 lbs of oil, given the recipe: 2 cups flour + 3 eggs + 1 lb oil = 4 waffles?

Accepted Answer

Eggs

Question 11

Consider the reaction: $2	ext{Na}_3	ext{PO}_4 + 3	ext{Ca(NO}_3)_2 ightarrow 6	ext{NaNO}_3 + 	ext{Ca}_3(	ext{PO}_4)_2$. If you have $3.4$ moles of Ca(NO$_3$)$_2$ and $2.4$ moles of Na$_3$PO$_4$, which is the limiting reactant?

Accepted Answer

Na$_3$PO$_4$

Question 12

Calculate the amount of heat ($\Delta H$) associated with the complete reaction of $8.0$ g of H$_2$ for the reaction: $	ext{CO} + 2	ext{H}_2 ightarrow 	ext{CH}_3	ext{OH}$, $\Delta H = -128$ kJ.

Accepted Answer

$-256$ kJ

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct formula for the ammonium ion?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{NH}_4^+$

Question 14

A reaction has a theoretical yield of $75.0$ grams of product, but the actual yield is $42.0$ grams. What is the percent yield?

Accepted Answer

$56\%$

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the preparation of ammonium carbonate, $(	ext{NH}_4)_2	ext{CO}_3$, from ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water?

Accepted Answer

$2	ext{NH}_3 + 	ext{CO}_2 + 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} ightarrow (	ext{NH}_4)_2	ext{CO}_3$

Question 16

If you start with $10.0$ g of Al and $19.0$ g of O$_2$ for the reaction $4	ext{Al} + 3	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 2	ext{Al}_2	ext{O}_3$, how many grams of the excess reactant are left over after the reaction is complete?

Accepted Answer

$8.7$ g

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for the sulfate ion?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{SO}_4^{2-}$

Question 18

Which of the following choices would result in the greatest amount of ammonium carbonate being formed?

Accepted Answer

React 2 moles NH$_3$, 2 moles CO$_2$, and 1 mole H$_2$O

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for the phosphate ion?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{PO}_4^{3-}$

Quantities in Chemical Reactions: Stoichiometry, Limiting Reactants, and Percent Yield

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