Question 1

Which of the following best describes thermal equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

When two substances in physical contact have the same temperature and no net heat flows between them.

Question 2

A 95 g block of steel at 250 $$^\circC is $$submerged in a solution at 60 $$^\circC. $$What will the final temperature of the solution be?

Accepted Answer

Greater than 60 $$^\circC$$

Question 3

Which equation is used to calculate the heat transfer ($$q) $$for a substance when its temperature changes?

Accepted Answer

$$q = m c \Delta T$$

Question 4

If 93.2 g of Al at 120 $$^\circC is $$placed in 110.0 g H$$_2O at 30$$ $$^\circC in an $$insulated container, which of the following best explains why the final temperature is not simply the average of the two initial temperatures?

Accepted Answer

Because the specific heat capacities of water and aluminum are different, so they absorb and release heat at different rates.

Question 5

Given the specific heat capacities $$c_{H_2O} = 4.184 J/g$$ $$^\circC $$and $$c_{Al} = 0.897 J/g$$ $$^\circC$$, which material will experience the greatest temperature change when the same amount of heat is added?

Accepted Answer

Aluminum

Question 6

In a thermal equilibrium scenario, which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Heat transfer only occurs between the hottest and coldest objects until they reach the same temperature.

Question 7

A student mixes 50 g of copper at 100 $$^\circC $$with 100 g of water at 20 $$^\circC in an $$insulated cup. Which of the following best describes the direction of heat flow?

Accepted Answer

Heat flows from copper to water until both reach the same temperature.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct formula to calculate the final equilibrium temperature ($$T_f) $$when two substances are mixed, assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings?

Accepted Answer

$$m_1$$ $$c_1 (T_f - T$$_{i1}) + $$m_2$$ $$c_2 (T_f - T$$_{i2}) = 0$$

Question 9

Why is it important that the container in a thermal equilibrium experiment is insulated?

Accepted Answer

To prevent heat loss to the surroundings, ensuring all heat exchange occurs only between the substances being studied.

Question 10

A 100 g sample of metal at 150 $$^\circC is $$placed in 200 g of water at 25 $$^\circC. If $$the final temperature is 30 $$^\circC$$, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The metal lost heat and the water gained heat.

Question 11

If the specific heat capacity of a substance is low, what does this imply about its temperature change when it absorbs a given amount of heat?

Accepted Answer

It will experience a large temperature change.

Question 12

Which of the following real-life scenarios best illustrates the concept of thermal equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A metal spoon left in a hot cup of tea eventually reaches the same temperature as the tea.

Thermal Equilibrium and Heat Transfer

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