Question 1

Which of the following best describes a synthesis (combination) reaction in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and fructose combine to form sucrose through dehydration synthesis.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen is broken down to release glucose molecules.

Question 3

Which of the following equations represents a redox reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \mathrm{ATP} $$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about organic and inorganic compounds is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Question 5

A solution with a pH of 5 has which of the following properties?

Accepted Answer

It has a high concentration of hydrogen ions ($$[H^+]) $$and is acidic.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the process of dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Monomers are joined together by removing a water molecule.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a monomer and its corresponding polymer?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide – DNA

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are essential for life?

Accepted Answer

They speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It is the starting material for synthesis of vitamin D, steroid hormones, and bile salts.

Question 10

A patient is unable to digest milk sugar (lactose) due to a deficiency in which enzyme?

Accepted Answer

Lactase

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fats have double bonds between carbons, causing kinks in the fatty acid chains.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct sequence of levels of structural organization in the human body, from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Chemical → Cellular → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism

Question 13

Which of the following best describes ATP’s role in the cell?

Accepted Answer

It provides immediate, usable energy for cellular processes.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct example of an exchange (displacement) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{AB} + \mathrm{CD} \rightarrow \mathrm{AD} + \mathrm{CB} $$

Question 15

Which of the following food items is a good source of polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Bread

Question 16

Which of the following statements about proteins is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Polymers are broken down into monomers by adding a water molecule.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why water is considered an inorganic compound?

Accepted Answer

It does not contain carbon atoms.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between ATP and ADP in cellular energy transfer?

Accepted Answer

ADP is formed when a phosphate group is removed from ATP, releasing energy.

Biochemistry Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology: Chemical Reactions and Biomolecules

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