Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the arrector pili muscle in the skin?

Accepted Answer

It contracts to cause hair to stand upright, producing 'goosebumps' in response to cold or fear.

Question 2

A patient presents with silvery white scars on the abdomen after rapid weight gain. What is the most likely cause of these marks?

Accepted Answer

Dermal tears resulting in striae, commonly known as stretch marks.

Question 3

Which layer of the skin is primarily responsible for providing strength and elasticity due to its dense irregular connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Reticular layer of the dermis

Question 4

A surgeon plans an incision on the trunk. According to the concept of cleavage lines, which orientation will promote better healing?

Accepted Answer

Parallel to the cleavage lines

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of eccrine sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Thermoregulation through secretion of watery sweat

Question 6

A child develops a yellow, flaky scalp condition known as 'cradle cap.' What is the underlying cause?

Accepted Answer

Overactive sebaceous glands leading to seborrhea

Question 7

Which pigment is primarily responsible for the brown coloration of human skin?

Accepted Answer

Melanin

Question 8

A patient is exposed to organic solvents without gloves. Which organ system is at greatest risk for damage due to absorption through the skin?

Accepted Answer

Kidneys

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why excessive sun exposure can increase the risk of skin cancer?

Accepted Answer

UV light causes DNA alterations in skin cells, potentially leading to cancer.

Question 10

A patient with a third-degree burn on the anterior and posterior surfaces of both lower limbs and the anterior trunk would have burns covering what percentage of their body surface area, according to the Rule of Nines?

Accepted Answer

$$36\% + 18\% = 54\%$$

Question 11

Which of the following structures is NOT considered part of the skin but is closely associated with it?

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis)

Question 12

Which cell type in the epidermis is responsible for producing the pigment that protects against UV radiation?

Accepted Answer

Melanocyte

Question 13

A patient taking certain antibiotics develops a rash after sun exposure. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

The drug caused photosensitivity, increasing the skin's reaction to UV light.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the lamellar corpuscle in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Detects deep pressure and vibration

Question 15

Which of the following is a metabolic function of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of vitamin D precursor when exposed to sunlight

Question 16

A person with a second-degree burn will have which of the following features?

Accepted Answer

Blisters and damage to both the epidermis and upper dermis

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the skin acts as a blood reservoir?

Accepted Answer

The dermal vascular plexus can hold up to 5% of the body's blood volume.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence of layers from the outermost to the innermost in thick skin?

Accepted Answer

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Question 19

A patient with anemia due to chronic lead exposure most likely absorbed the lead through which route?

Accepted Answer

Transdermal absorption through the skin

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the hair matrix in the hair follicle?

Accepted Answer

It is the actively dividing area responsible for hair growth.

Chapter 5: The Integumentary System – Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard