Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A patient presents with soft, flexible bones due to a deficiency in vitamin D3. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Osteomalacia

Question 3

Which bone cell type is responsible for breaking down bone matrix and releasing minerals into the blood?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 4

During endochondral ossification, what is the first event that occurs in the center of the cartilage model?

Accepted Answer

Chondrocytes enlarge and die

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone contains osteons, while spongy bone contains trabeculae

Question 6

A 70-year-old woman has a bone density scan showing significant loss of bone mass. Which process is most likely responsible for this change?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity

Question 7

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 8

A fracture that projects through the skin is classified as which type?

Accepted Answer

Open (compound) fracture

Question 9

Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Sternum

Question 10

The articulation between the atlas (C1) and the axis (C2) allows for which type of movement?

Accepted Answer

Rotation

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to cervical vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Presence of transverse foramina

Question 12

Which bone marking forms the passageway for the spinal cord to exit the skull?

Accepted Answer

Foramen magnum

Question 13

A patient is unable to perform dorsiflexion at the ankle. Which movement is impaired?

Accepted Answer

Lifting the sole of the foot upward

Question 14

Which of the following joints is classified as a ball-and-socket joint?

Accepted Answer

Shoulder joint

Question 15

Which bone is NOT part of the pelvic girdle?

Accepted Answer

Sacrum

Question 16

A patient with a herniated intervertebral disc is most likely experiencing a problem with which type of joint?

Accepted Answer

Symphysis

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why spongy bone is found in the epiphyses of long bones?

Accepted Answer

It reduces the weight of the skeleton and absorbs stresses from multiple directions

Question 18

Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption in the intestines, and what is its active form?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D3; active form is calcitriol

Question 19

A 12-year-old boy fractures his femur, but the X-ray shows the epiphyseal plate is still present. What does this indicate about his bone growth?

Accepted Answer

His bones are still capable of growing in length

Question 20

Which of the following movements is an example of abduction?

Accepted Answer

Raising the arm laterally away from the body

Chapter 6: The Skeletal System – Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

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