Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the skin and mucous membranes in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

They act as physical barriers to prevent the entry of pathogens.

Question 2

A patient is exposed to a new strain of influenza virus. Which immune response is primarily responsible for destroying the infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell-mediated immunity involving cytotoxic T cells

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events during the inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

Tissue damage → Mast cell activation → Histamine release → Vasodilation → Phagocyte attraction

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why fever can be beneficial during an infection?

Accepted Answer

Fever increases metabolism and enzyme efficiency, accelerating immune responses.

Question 5

A child receives a vaccine for measles. Which type of immunity is being acquired?

Accepted Answer

Artificially induced active immunity

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the complement system is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is a group of plasma proteins that, when activated, can form membrane attack complexes to lyse pathogens.

Question 7

Which antibody class is primarily responsible for resistance against many viruses, bacteria, and bacterial toxins, and is the most abundant in plasma?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 8

A person is bitten by a venomous snake and receives an injection of antivenom. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Artificially induced passive immunity

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of helper T cells in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate the activation and proliferation of both cytotoxic T cells and B cells.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of antibodies in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Neutralization of toxins and pathogens by binding to them

Question 11

A patient with a genetic defect cannot produce MHC I molecules. Which immune function would be most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Destruction of infected cells by cytotoxic T cells

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why a secondary immune response is faster and stronger than a primary response?

Accepted Answer

Memory cells produced during the primary response rapidly proliferate upon re-exposure to the antigen.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct match between a phagocytic cell and its function?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils: Most common phagocyte, first to arrive at sites of infection

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of opsonization?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies or complement proteins coat pathogens to enhance phagocytosis.

Question 15

A patient develops a severe allergic reaction after being stung by a bee. Which immunoglobulin is primarily responsible for this hypersensitivity reaction?

Accepted Answer

IgE

Question 16

Which of the following is a key difference between cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immunity?

Accepted Answer

Cell-mediated immunity targets infected cells, while antibody-mediated immunity targets extracellular pathogens.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of interferons in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate the production of antiviral proteins in neighboring cells.

Question 18

A person with a deficiency in helper T cells would have difficulty with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Activating both cytotoxic T cells and B cells

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why haptens can cause allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Haptens bind to carrier molecules, forming complexes that are recognized as foreign by the immune system.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the role of memory cells in immunity?

Accepted Answer

Memory cells allow for a faster and more effective response upon subsequent exposure to the same antigen.

Immunity: Nonspecific and Specific Defenses in Human Anatomy & Physiology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard