$$\text{ADP} + \text{creatine phosphate} \rightarrow \text{ATP} + \text{creatine}$$

$$\text{Glucose} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an isometric muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Muscle length remains unchanged while tension increases.

Question 2

During isotonic concentric contraction, what happens when the tension produced by the muscle exceeds the resistance?

Accepted Answer

The muscle shortens.

Question 3

Which energy source allows for the longest duration of isometric contraction in a typical muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen (aerobic metabolism)

Question 4

A sprinter relies primarily on which type of skeletal muscle fiber for explosive speed?

Accepted Answer

Fast fibers

Question 5

Which property distinguishes cardiac muscle from skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle cells are striated and branched.

Question 6

Which of the following is a primary function of smooth muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Moving food through the digestive tract

Question 7

Fibromyalgia is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A chronic disorder characterized by widespread pain and increased sensitivity

Question 8

Which equation represents the reaction catalyzed by creatine phosphokinase during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{ADP} + 	ext{creatine phosphate} ightarrow 	ext{ATP} + 	ext{creatine}$$

Question 9

Which muscle fiber type is most resistant to fatigue and best suited for endurance activities?

Accepted Answer

Slow fibers

Question 10

During moderate activity, which substrates are primarily used for ATP production in muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and fatty acids

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a symptom commonly associated with fibromyalgia?

Accepted Answer

Muscle hypertrophy

Question 12

What is the main reason muscle tension in a whole muscle remains relatively constant during asynchronous contraction of motor units?

Accepted Answer

Motor units are stimulated in a staggered manner, balancing overall tension.

Question 13

Which property is unique to smooth muscle compared to skeletal and cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

Single, centrally located nucleus

Question 14

Which process occurs during the recovery period after intense muscle activity?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid is converted to pyruvate in the liver.

Question 15

Which equation best represents the aerobic breakdown of glucose in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Glucose} + 	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 	ext{CO}_2 + 	ext{H}_2	ext{O}$$

Question 16

Which muscle fiber type has the highest concentration of mitochondria and capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Slow fibers

Question 17

A marathon runner would likely have a higher proportion of which muscle fiber type?

Accepted Answer

Slow fibers

Question 18

Which of the following is a mechanism by which muscle relaxation and lengthening occurs?

Accepted Answer

Contraction by opposing muscles

Question 19

Which property is shared by both cardiac and skeletal muscle, but not smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

Striations

Question 20

Which of the following best describes muscle hypertrophy?

Accepted Answer

Increase in muscle fiber size and myofibril content due to increased activity

Muscle Tissue: Types, Contraction, Energy, and Pathology

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