Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a major function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in the shaft of their femur. Which region of the long bone is affected?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 3

Which bone cell type is responsible for breaking down bone matrix during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 4

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity and increasing intestinal absorption of calcium?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 5

Which type of bone is characterized by being small, flat, and found within the sutures of the skull?

Accepted Answer

Sutural (wormian) bone

Question 6

During appositional growth, which structure is responsible for adding new layers to the outer surface of bone?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the process of endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Bone forms inside hyaline cartilage

Question 8

A child is diagnosed with pituitary growth failure. Which of the following is most likely to be observed?

Accepted Answer

Abnormally short bones

Question 9

Which surface feature of bone is defined as a small, flat articular surface?

Accepted Answer

Facet

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why spongy bone is found in areas of the bone that are not heavily stressed?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone can withstand stress from multiple directions and is lighter

Question 11

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures because:

Accepted Answer

Bone resorption outpaces bone formation

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Fracture hematoma formation → external callus formation → spongy bone formation → compact bone formation

Question 13

Which of the following surface features is a deep, narrow groove found on a bone?

Accepted Answer

Sulcus

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of calcitonin in calcium homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits osteoclast activity and promotes calcium excretion by the kidneys

Question 15

Which type of fracture is most commonly seen in children and is characterized by one side of the bone breaking and the other side bending?

Accepted Answer

Greenstick fracture

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Maintain and repair the surrounding bone matrix

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Bone forms directly from mesenchymal tissue

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why the epiphyseal plate is important during childhood and adolescence?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where bone grows in length

Question 19

Which of the following surface features is a chamber within a bone, normally filled with air?

Accepted Answer

Sinus

Question 20

A patient has a break in the distal portion of the radius after falling on an outstretched hand. What type of fracture is this?

Accepted Answer

Colles fracture

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

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