Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of sensory receptors in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They detect changes in the internal or external environment and transduce them into nerve signals.

Question 2

A receptor that responds to physical deformation such as touch, pressure, vibration, or stretch is classified as which type?

Accepted Answer

Mechanoreceptor

Question 3

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the distribution of sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

General (somatosensory) senses are widely distributed throughout the body, while special senses are confined to the head.

Question 4

Which structure is responsible for detecting the texture and temperature of food but does NOT contain taste buds?

Accepted Answer

Filiform papillae

Question 5

What is the correct sequence of events in sensory information processing from stimulus to perception?

Accepted Answer

Stimulus → Detection → Transduction → Transmission → Perception

Question 6

Which neuron type is typically the first-order neuron in a somatosensory projection pathway?

Accepted Answer

Unipolar sensory neuron

Question 7

In the somatosensory projection pathway, where does the second-order neuron usually decussate (cross over) to the opposite side of the CNS?

Accepted Answer

In the spinal cord or brainstem

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the Merkel cell endings (tactile discs) in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Detecting discriminative touch with the finest spatial resolution

Question 9

Which cranial nerves carry taste information from the tongue to the medulla oblongata?

Accepted Answer

CN VII (Facial), CN IX (Glossopharyngeal), and CN X (Vagus)

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a class of taste sensation recognized by taste buds?

Accepted Answer

Spicy

Question 11

Which cell type in a taste bud is responsible for regenerating gustatory cells?

Accepted Answer

Basal cell

Question 12

Olfactory receptor neurons are classified as which type of neuron?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the olfactory pathway is correct?

Accepted Answer

Olfactory information does not synapse in the thalamus before reaching the cerebral cortex.

Question 14

Which structure in the inner ear contains sensory receptors responsible for hearing?

Accepted Answer

Cochlea (spiral organ/organ of Corti)

Question 15

What is the main function of the lens in the eye?

Accepted Answer

To bend and focus light rays onto the fovea for accommodation of near and far vision

Question 16

Which fluid is found in the posterior cavity of the eye and is responsible for maintaining intraocular pressure?

Accepted Answer

Vitreous humor

Question 17

Which layer of the eye provides most of the eye's focusing power but cannot change shape to adjust focus?

Accepted Answer

Cornea

Question 18

Which cells in the retina are responsible for color vision and visual acuity?

Accepted Answer

Cones

Question 19

What is the 'blind spot' in the eye, and why does it occur?

Accepted Answer

It is the optic disc where the optic nerve exits the eye and no photoreceptors are present.

Question 20

A patient presents with loss of discriminative touch sensation in the skin. Which mechanoreceptor is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Merkel cell endings (tactile discs)

Study Guide: Sense Organs and Special Senses in Anatomy & Physiology

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