Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells

Question 2

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the generation of new keratinocytes through mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale (germinativum)

Question 3

A patient presents with yellow pigmentation of the skin after consuming large amounts of carrots and squash. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Carotenemia

Question 4

Which of the following statements about melanocytes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Melanin production, not the number of melanocytes, determines skin color.

Question 5

Which gland is primarily responsible for thermoregulation through the production of watery sweat?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine (merocrine) gland

Question 6

A person suffers a deep cut that damages the dermis. Which of the following is most likely to occur during healing?

Accepted Answer

The area will be replaced by inflexible, fibrous scar tissue (fibrosis).

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of Langerhans cells in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

They are involved in the immune response by detecting and presenting antigens.

Question 8

Which of the following correctly matches the skin layer with its primary tissue type?

Accepted Answer

Epidermis – stratified squamous keratinizing epithelium

Question 9

A patient with a genetic defect in the DNA repair enzymes found in melanocytes is at increased risk for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Skin cancer

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the inflammatory response to tissue injury?

Accepted Answer

Vasodilation → Phagocyte migration → Release of nutrients → Fibrin formation → Pus formation

Question 11

Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight and is essential for calcium absorption?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why the palms of the hands and soles of the feet have a thicker stratum corneum?

Accepted Answer

They are exposed to more friction and require extra protection.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the arrector pili muscle?

Accepted Answer

Contracting to make hair stand upright, aiding in heat conservation

Question 14

A deficiency in which hormone, synthesized from vitamin D, would most directly impair calcium absorption in the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Calcitriol

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between eccrine and apocrine sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine glands produce watery sweat for temperature regulation, while apocrine glands produce thicker secretions associated with body odor.

Question 16

Which of the following is a likely consequence of inadequate vitamin D synthesis in children?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 17

Which of the following structures is NOT found in the dermis?

Accepted Answer

Keratinocytes

Question 18

Which protein is primarily responsible for the waterproofing and protective properties of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Keratin

Question 19

A patient presents with a wound that is red, swollen, warm, and painful. Which phase of the inflammatory response is most likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

Vasodilation and increased capillary permeability

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why scar tissue is less functional than normal skin tissue?

Accepted Answer

Scar tissue is composed mainly of collagen fibers and lacks original skin structures.

The Integumentary System: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

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