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AP Biology Syllabus and Study Guide: Major Themes, Practices, and Weekly Topics

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Scientific Method

  • Scientific Method Example 1
    01:35
  • Basic Theories of Biology
    03:03
  • Scientific Method
    06:29

Experimental Design

  • Variables
    07:36
  • Experimental Design Example 1
    02:50
  • Negative & Positive Controls
    07:42

Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion

  • Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion Example 1
    01:46
  • Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion
    04:16

Introduction to Biomolecules

  • Introduction to Biomolecules
    01:17
  • Map of the Lesson on Biomolecules
    01:29

Enzymes

  • Functions of Enzymes
    02:32
  • Enzymes Example 1
    02:25
  • Enzymes
    02:55

Acids and Bases

  • Acids
    02:45
  • Acids and Bases
    01:29
  • Bases
    03:48

pH Scale

  • Buffers
    05:38
  • pH Scale
    11:05

ATP

  • Energy Coupling
    04:57
  • ATP
    06:43
  • Phosphorylation
    03:

Laws of Thermodynamics

  • Second Law of Thermodynamics
    02:53
  • Entropy
    03:21
  • First Law of Thermodynamics
    04:43

Cell Junctions

  • Cell Junctions
    05:33

Biological Membranes

  • Biological Membranes Example 1
    02:21
  • Biological Membranes
    06:04

Osmosis

  • Osmosis Example 1
    02:18
  • Osmosis
    05:59
  • Direction of Osmosis
    06:48

Simple and Facilitated Diffusion

  • Simple and Facilitated Diffusion
    05:10
  • Transport Proteins of Facilitated Diffusion
    04:49

Active Transport

  • Secondary Active Transport
    07:06
  • Active Transport
    02:37
  • Primary Active Transport
    02:53

Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration

  • Introduction to Cellular Respiration Example 2
    01:53
  • Aerobic Cellular Respiration is a Redox Reaction
    04:18
  • Stages of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    02:31

Glycolysis

  • Phases of Glycolysis
    06:20
  • Glycolysis Example 1
    01:29
  • Remembering Phases of Glycolysis
    02:49

Krebs Cycle

  • Krebs Cycle Example 1
    01:20
  • Krebs Cycle
    01:37
  • Phases of The Krebs Cycle
    09:54

Electron Transport Chain

  • Remembering the ETC
    04:43
  • Electron Transport Chain
    07:41

Chemiosmosis

  • Chemiosmosis
    05:01

Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration

  • Total Products for Each Stage of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    07:25
  • Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    07:51

Introduction to Photosynthesis

  • Introduction to Photosynthesis
    03:32
  • Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
    07:55
  • Photosynthesis is a Redox Reaction
    03:20

Stages of Photosynthesis

  • Stages of Photosynthesis
    03:16
  • Map of the Lesson on Photosynthesis
    02:41

Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

  • Light Reactions of Photosynthesis Example 1
    01:48
  • Light Reactions of Photosynthesis
    04:06
  • Steps of the Light Reactions
    15:15

Calvin Cycle

  • 3 Phases of the Calvin Cycle (C3 Pathway)
    10:58
  • Calvin Cycle
    03:42

Introduction to Cell Signaling

  • Introduction to Cell Signaling
    05:03
  • 3 Steps of Cell Signaling
    04:37

Negative & Positive Feedback

  • Positive Feedback
    02:19
  • Negative Feedback
    02:41

Introduction to Cell Division

  • Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction
    04:45
  • Introduction to Cell Division
    09:40
  • Importance of Cell Division
    03:19

Phases of Mitosis

  • Phases of Mitosis
    03:21
  • Metaphase
    01:58
  • Prometaphase
    03:20

Cytokinesis

  • Animal Cell Cytokinesis
    02:56
  • Cytokinesis
    01:25
  • Cytokinesis Example 1
    01:59

Cell Cycle Regulation

  • Cell Cycle Regulation
    03:31
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints
    06:32

Meiosis I

  • Meiosis I
    07:55

Meiosis II

  • Meiosis II
    06:17

Mitosis & Meiosis Review

  • Mitosis & Meiosis Review Example 1
    01:27

Genetic Variation During Meiosis

  • Genetic Variation During Meiosis
    07:08
  • Nondisjunction
    05:03
  • Independent Assortment
    08:49

Introduction to Mendel's Experiments

  • Why Pea Plants?
    01:58
  • Introduction to Mendel's Experiments
    03:50

Genotype vs. Phenotype

  • Genotype & Phenotype
    06:36
  • Dominant vs. Recessive Alleles
    03:39

Punnett Squares

  • How to Use Punnett Squares
    07:05
  • Punnett Squares
    01:37

Mendel's Experiments

  • Self-Fertilization Experiment: True-Breeding vs. Hybrid Plants
    05:48
  • Mendel's Experiments
    03:02
  • Cross-Fertilization Experiment: Dominant vs. Recessive Alleles
    05:04

Mendel's Laws

  • Mendel's Laws
    01:16
  • Law of Segregation
    03:24
  • Law of Independent Assortment
    06:44

Monohybrid Crosses

  • Monohybrid Crosses Example 1
    03:12
  • Genotypic vs. Phenotypic Ratio
    02:48
  • Monohybrid Crosses
    02:05

Test Crosses

  • Test Crosses
    03:02
  • Steps to Performing a Test Cross
    05:05

Dihybrid Crosses

  • Dihybrid Crosses
    02:37
  • Dihybrid Crosses & Punnett Squares
    03:34

Punnett Square Probability

  • Rule of Multiplication (the AND Rule)
    06:30
  • Rule of Addition (the OR Rule)
    05:58
  • Punnett Square Probability
    03:38

Introduction to DNA Replication

  • Unwinding the DNA: Topoisomerase, Helicase & SSBs
    05:10
  • Components of DNA Replication
    04:47
  • Origin of Replication
    03:33

DNA Polymerases

  • DNA Polymerase Requirements
    05:03
  • DNA Polymerases
    04:01

Leading & Lagging DNA Strands

  • Leading & Lagging DNA Strands
    05:15

Steps of DNA Replication

  • Steps of DNA Replication
    09:29

Central Dogma

  • Central Dogma
    05:45

Introduction to Transcription

  • Overview of Transcription
    07:44
  • Introduction to Transcription
    05:51

Steps of Transcription

  • 3) Termination of Transcription
    02:44
  • 1) Initiation of Transcription
    04:16
  • 2) Elongation of Transcription
    04:01

Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing

  • Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing
    02:32
  • 2) RNA Splicing Creates Mature mRNA
    08:44
  • 1) RNA Processing
    04:19

Introduction to Types of RNA

  • Introduction to Types of RNA
    07:20

Genetic Code

  • How to Use the Genetic Code
    11:39
  • Genetic Code
    01:28

Introduction to Translation

  • Ribosomal tRNA Binding Sites
    06:16
  • Ribosome Subunits
    08:42
  • Introduction to Translation
    06:12

Steps of Translation

  • 2) Elongation of Translation
    04:59
  • 3) Termination of Translation
    02:16
  • 1) Initiation of Translation
    05:03

Mutations

  • Mutations
    02:29
  • Types of Mutations
    08:44

Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression

  • Positive vs Negative Gene Regulation
    02:17
  • Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression
    06:40

Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons

  • Inducible Operons
    04:25
  • Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons
    00:53
  • Repressible Operons
    03:42

The Lac Operon

  • In the Absence of Lactose
    04:34
  • The Lac Operon
    07:06
  • In the Presence of Lactose
    03:56

The Trp Operon

  • In the Presence of Tryptophan
    03:11
  • The Trp Operon
    05:30
  • In the Absence of Tryptophan
    03:42

Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

  • Map of Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
    04:22
  • Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
    03:47

Viruses

  • Virus Structure
    04:50
  • Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles
    08:04
  • Viroids and Prions
    04:22

Introduction to DNA-Based Technology

  • Map of DNA-Based Technology Lesson
    03:12
  • Introduction to DNA-Based Technology
    02:30

Introduction to DNA Cloning

  • Introduction to DNA Cloning
    02:25
  • Cloning with Recombinant DNA
    03:41

Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction

  • Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction
    01:31
  • Components of a Polymerase Chain Reaction
    05:57
  • Why do we use PCR?
    02:53

Gel Electrophoresis

  • Gel Electrophoresis
    07:58
  • Gel Electrophoresis Example 1
    02:34

Introduction to Evolution and Natural Selection

  • Introduction to Evolution and Natual Selection Example 1
    03:22
  • Introduction to Evolution and Natual Selection Example 2
    04:28
  • Typological vs. Population Thinking
    03:56

Natural Selection

  • Natural Selection Example 2
    05:11
  • Natural Selection: Observations and Inferences
    04:12
  • Natural Selection Example 1
    02:19

Evolution of Populations

  • Evolution of Populations Example 1
    03:33
  • Introduction to Evolution of Populations
    05:14

The Hardy-Weinberg Principle

  • Predicting Allele or Genotype Frequencies Using Hardy-Weinberg
    03:31
  • Testing if a Population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
    08:26
  • B. Calculating Allele Frequency from a Genotype Frequency
    03:20

Natural Selection

  • Sexual Selection
    06:17
  • Natural Selection
    04:43
  • Natural Selection Example 3
    04:18

Genetic Drift

  • Genetic Drift Example 1
    02:00
  • Genetic Drift Example 2
    02:37
  • Genetic Drift
    05:06

Gene Flow

  • Gene Flow Example 1
    04:34
  • Gene Flow
    01:43

Introduction to Speciation

  • Introduction to Speciation
    03:03

The Biological Species Concept

  • The Biological Species Concept Example 3
    02:15
  • Prezygotic Barriers
    05:18
  • The Biological Species Concept Example 1
    01:27

Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation

  • Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation
    02:46
  • Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation Example 1
    04:25
  • Allopatric Speciation
    03:53

The Fossil Record

  • Biases in the Fossil Record
    03:17
  • Fossils
    03:54
  • The Fossil Record Example 1
    02:59

History of Life on Earth

  • History of Life on Earth Example 1
    04:53
  • Geologic Record
    07:18

Extinctions

  • Cretaceous Extinction
    04:55
  • Extinctions
    04:48
  • Sixth Extinction
    02:29

Adaptive Radiation

  • Developmental Genes & Regulation
    06:12
  • Cambrian Explosion
    05:10
  • Adaptive Radiation Example 1
    06:17

Evolution of Complexity

  • Origin of Complex Traits
    06:15

Introduction to Phylogeny

  • Binomial Nomenclature
    02:32
  • Systematics
    06:57
  • Introduction to Phylogeny Example 1
    01:31

Phylogeny

  • Phylogeny Example 3
    04:12
  • Parts of a Phylogenetic Tree
    05:16
  • Phylogeny Example 1
    06:11

Building Phylogenetic Trees

  • Shared Derived Characters
    05:42
  • Parsimony
    06:46
  • Building Phylogenetic Trees Example 1
    04:35

Cladistics

  • Cladistics Example 1
    03:52
  • Monophyletic, Paraphyletic, & Polyphyletic Group
    06:37

Phylogenetics and Genome Evolution

  • The Molecular Clock
    05:13
  • Homologs: Orthologs & Paralogs
    05:29

Introduction to Prokaryotes

  • Introduction to Archaea
    04:39
  • Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
    05:54
  • Features of Bacterial Cells
    03:54

Prokaryotic Cell Structure

  • Functions of Pili
    01:46
  • Pili
    01:02
  • Endospores
    05:35

Prokaryotic Reproduction

  • Transduction
    06:49
  • Bacterial Transformation
    03:06
  • Plasmids
    04:44

Prokaryotic Metabolism

  • Electron Source: Lithotrophs vs. Organotrophs
    03:21
  • Carbon Source: Heterotrophs vs. Autotrophs
    02:59
  • Introduction to Biofilms
    03:31

Prokaryotic Diversity

  • Prokaryote Lineages 1
    03:51
  • Reviewing the Environmental Factors of Microbial Growth
    07:21
  • Prokaryote Lineages 2
    05:13

Introduction to Ecology

  • Levels of Ecological Study
    05:01
  • Introduction to Ecology Example 1
    02:31
  • Environment vs. Habitat vs. Niche
    01:57

Introduction to Population Ecology

  • Factors Affecting Population Size (N)
    01:48
  • Population Size & Density
    01:52
  • Introduction to Population Ecology Example 3
    01:51

Population Demography

  • Life Tables
    03:49
  • Population Demography Example 1
    02:18
  • Survivorship Curves
    02:54

Introduction to Population Growth Models

  • Introduction to Population Growth Models Example 3
    02:52
  • Introduction to Population Growth Models
    01:09
  • Assumptions of Population Growth Models
    03:29

Exponential Population Growth

  • Exponential Population Growth Example 2
    07:34
  • Exponential Population Growth
    03:05
  • Exponential Population Growth Equations
    06:35

Logistic Population Growth

  • Summary of Key Features & Assumptions for Each Population Growth Model
    07:28
  • Logistic Growth in a Limited Environment
    05:00
  • Logistic Population Growth Example 1
    04:28

Introduction to Community Ecology

  • Introduction to Community Ecology
    02:03

Introduction to Community Interactions

  • Overview: Types of Community Interactions
    02:55
  • Introduction to Community Interactions Example 1
    02:23
  • Introduction to Community Interactions
    01:57

Community Interactions: Competition (-/-)

  • Resource Partitioning (Partial Niche Overlap)
    03:57
  • Competitive Exclusion Principle (Complete Niche Overlap)
    04:23
  • Community Interactions: Competition (-/-) Example 1
    04:23

Community Interactions: Exploitation (+/-)

  • 1) Exploitation (+/-): Predation
    01:42
  • 3) Exploitation (+/-): Parasitism
    02:37
  • Community Interactions: Exploitation (+/–)
    00:49

Community Interactions: Mutualism (+/+) & Commensalism (+/0)

  • Positive Interactions
    02:56
  • Summary of Community Interactions
    01:52

Community Structure

  • Community Structure Example 3
    02:22
  • Community Structure Example 1
    03:37
  • Community Structure
    04:25

Community Dynamics

  • Disturbances Make Communities Dynamic
    03:37
  • Secondary Ecological Succession
    02:31
  • Effects of Early-Arriving Species on Late-Arriving Species
    01:34

Introduction to Ecosystems

  • Grazing & Detritus-Based Food Chains
    03:29
  • Introduction to Ecosystems Example 2
    01:57
  • Introduction to Ecosystems
    04:07

Energy Flow Through Ecosystems

  • Gross Productive Energy vs. Assimilated Energy
    05:28
  • Energy Efficiency in Ecosystems
    06:28
  • Energy Flow Through Ecosystems Example 2
    07:07

Making Sense of Ecosystem Production & Efficiency

  • Making Sense of Ecosystem Production & Efficiency
    07:47
  • Financial Analogy for Ecosystem Production & Efficiency
    07:23

Energy & Biomass Pyramids

  • Energy & Biomass Pyramids
    05:41
  • Energy & Biomass Pyramids Example 1
    03:41

Factors Impacting Primary Production

  • Primary Production in Aquatic Ecosystems
    04:36
  • Factors Impacting Primary Production Example 1
    02:31
  • Primary Production in Terrestrial Ecosystems
    02:22

Biogeochemical Cycles

  • Biogeochemical Cycles Example 2
    02:40
  • Carbon Cycle
    04:20
  • Nitrogen Cycle
    08:32

Conservation Biology

  • Biodiversity Hotspots and Endangered Species
    04:32
  • Biodiversity and Sustainability
    05:06
  • Pollution and Climate Change
    03:36