Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides energy for endergonic processes by releasing a phosphate group through hydrolysis.

Question 2

What is the net free energy change ($$\Delta G) $$for the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate ($$P_i$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G = -30.5\ \mathrm{kJ/mol}$$

Question 3

Which of the following processes produces the largest amount of ATP in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

In the reaction $$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + P_i$$, what type of reaction is occurring?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 5

Which of the following is true about substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

It uses the energy from breaking a high-energy phosphate bond in a substrate to form ATP.

Question 6

Which organisms are capable of photo phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Autotrophic organisms such as plants, algae, and some bacteria

Question 7

During a redox reaction, which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

The substance that gains electrons is reduced.

Question 8

In the following reaction, which molecule is oxidized? $$\mathrm{CH}_4 + 2\mathrm{H} + \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_3\mathrm{OH} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH}_4$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why ATP is considered a high-energy molecule?

Accepted Answer

The phosphoanhydride bonds between phosphate groups release a large amount of free energy when hydrolyzed.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a product of ATP hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 11

Which of the following statements about oxidative phosphorylation is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

It produces a small amount of ATP compared to substrate-level phosphorylation.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It serves as an electron carrier, becoming reduced to NADH.

Question 13

Which of the following equations correctly represents the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ADP} + P_i \rightarrow \mathrm{ATP}$$

Question 14

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that impairs the electron transport chain. Which process will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of phosphorylation type and where it occurs?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation – in organisms that use oxygen

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the relationship between exergonic and endergonic reactions in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Exergonic reactions release energy that can be used to drive endergonic reactions, often through ATP hydrolysis.

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life example of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP production during glycolysis in muscle cells during intense exercise

Question 18

Which of the following statements about redox reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation is the loss of electrons, and reduction is the gain of electrons.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the hydrolysis of ATP is highly exergonic?

Accepted Answer

The products (ADP and $$P_i) $$are more stable and have lower free energy than ATP.

Question 20

Which of the following is a direct result of the transfer of electrons in a redox reaction during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Release of energy that is used to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane

ATP Hydrolysis, Phosphorylation, and Redox Reactions in Cellular Respiration

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