$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{Energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

NAD+ functions as an electron carrier, accepting electrons and a proton to become NADH.

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the overall reaction for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{Energy}$$

Question 4

What is the primary purpose of fermentation in cells?

Accepted Answer

To regenerate NAD+ so glycolysis can continue.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It transfers a phosphate group directly from a substrate to ADP.

Question 6

In the absence of oxygen, what happens to pyruvate in animal muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

It is reduced to lactic acid.

Question 7

Which molecule is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

O2

Question 8

What is the free energy change ($$\Delta G) $$for the oxidation of glucose in aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$-686$$ kcal/mol

Question 9

Which process occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 10

During glycolysis, which molecule is directly phosphorylated to form ATP?

Accepted Answer

ADP

Question 11

Which of the following is a product of pyruvate oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Question 12

What is the main function of the electron transport chain in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To transfer electrons to oxygen and create a proton gradient for ATP synthesis.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a redox reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction where electrons are transferred from one molecule to another.

Question 14

Which step in glycolysis is responsible for the net production of NADH?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation and ATP formation (steps 6-10)

Question 15

If oxygen is not available, which pathway will pyruvate most likely enter?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the ATP cycle in cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and Pi, releasing energy for cellular processes.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP is synthesized using energy from a proton gradient.

Question 18

Which molecule is reduced during the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

NAD+

Question 19

Which statement best explains why energy is released in small steps during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To prevent the cell from losing most energy as heat and to allow efficient ATP production.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

CO2

Cellular Respiration and Energy Harvest in Cells

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