Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall reaction for aerobic cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + \text{ATP}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main purpose of cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

To break down glucose and other molecules to produce ATP for cellular work

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net production of ATP and NADH per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$ ATP and $$2$$ NADH

Question 3

Which enzyme is allosterically inhibited by high concentrations of ATP during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase

Question 4

In the absence of oxygen, which process allows glycolysis to continue by regenerating NAD+?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 5

Which of the following correctly matches the location of each process in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis: cytosol; Citric acid cycle: mitochondrial matrix

Question 6

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why fermentation produces less ATP than aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation does not fully oxidize glucose to CO$$_2$$

Question 8

A patient has a genetic defect that prevents the formation of the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Which process will be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthesis by ATP synthase

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall reaction for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{ATP}$$

Question 10

Which molecule is produced during both lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation, allowing glycolysis to continue?

Accepted Answer

NAD+

Question 11

If a cell is placed in an environment lacking oxygen, which of the following will occur first?

Accepted Answer

The electron transport chain will stop functioning

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

Question 13

A mutation causes the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase to be constantly phosphorylated. What is the most likely consequence for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Decreased entry of pyruvate into the citric acid cycle

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the citric acid cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It generates NADH and FADH$$_2$$ that feed electrons into the electron transport chain

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why oxygen is a more effective final electron acceptor than nitrate or sulfate in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen allows for a larger difference in potential energy between electron donors and acceptors

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-life example of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP production during glycolysis

Question 17

A person is exercising intensely and their muscle cells switch to lactic acid fermentation. What is the immediate benefit of this switch?

Accepted Answer

It allows glycolysis to continue by regenerating NAD+

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the chemiosmotic hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A proton gradient across a membrane drives ATP synthesis via ATP synthase

Question 19

Which of the following molecules can be used as substrates for cellular respiration, entering at different points in the pathway?

Accepted Answer

Glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids

Question 20

Which of the following best explains the importance of feedback inhibition in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It allows the cell to regulate ATP production based on energy demand

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Energy Production in Cells

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