Question 1

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical reaction for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\,\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\,\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\,\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 2

During cellular respiration, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O_2$})$$

Question 3

Which process directly produces the most ATP during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

What is the main purpose of catabolic pathways in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

To break down complex molecules and release energy

Question 5

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol and produces pyruvate, ATP, and NADH

Question 6

Which molecule is produced when pyruvate is oxidized before entering the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl CoA

Question 7

In the citric acid cycle, what is the main function of NAD+ and FAD?

Accepted Answer

They accept electrons and become reduced to NADH and FADH2

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct description of a redox reaction?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation and reduction always occur together, with one substance losing electrons and another gaining them

Question 9

What is the efficiency of cellular respiration in terms of energy conversion, given that the free energy released from glucose is $$686\,	ext{kcal/mol}$$ and the energy stored in ATP is $$233\,	ext{kcal/mol}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{233}{686} = 0.34 = 34\%$$

Question 10

Which pathway allows cells to generate ATP in the absence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 11

During intense exercise, human muscle cells switch from respiration to fermentation. What is the main product of this process?

Accepted Answer

Lactate

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the electron transport chain is correct?

Accepted Answer

It creates a proton gradient used by ATP synthase to generate ATP

Question 13

What is chemiosmosis?

Accepted Answer

The use of energy in a H+ gradient to drive ATP synthesis

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

It releases CO2 and generates NADH, FADH2, and ATP

Question 15

Which molecule is regenerated during fermentation to allow glycolysis to continue?

Accepted Answer

NAD+

Question 16

Which of the following is a major difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic respiration uses substances other than O2 as the final electron acceptor, while fermentation does not use an electron transport chain

Question 17

Which of the following statements about obligate anaerobes is correct?

Accepted Answer

They use only fermentation or anaerobic respiration

Question 18

Which of the following molecules can enter cellular respiration at the stage of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Glycerol

Question 19

What is the net ATP yield from glycolysis per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why one gram of fat produces more than twice as much ATP as one gram of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids are broken down into acetyl CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle and yields more NADH and FADH2

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Study Guide for General Biology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard