Q: Which equation correctly represents the overall reaction for aerobic cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C$$_{6}$$H_{12}O$$_{6}} + 6\mathrm{O_{2}} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_{2}} + 6\mathrm{$$H_{2}O$$} + \text{Energy}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, forming water.

Question 2

During glycolysis, how many net ATP molecules are produced per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$

Question 3

Which process occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 4

In the citric acid cycle, what is the main function of NAD+?

Accepted Answer

NAD+ acts as an electron acceptor, becoming reduced to NADH.

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the overall reaction for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C$$_{6}$$H_{12}O$$_{6}} + 6\mathrm{O_{2}} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_{2}} + 6\mathrm{$$H_{2}O$$} + 	ext{Energy}$

Question 6

Which step of cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport and chemiosmosis)

Question 7

What is the main purpose of fermentation in cells?

Accepted Answer

To regenerate NAD+ so glycolysis can continue in the absence of oxygen.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about redox reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation is the loss of electrons, and reduction is the gain of electrons.

Question 9

During anaerobic respiration in animals, what happens to pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate is converted to lactic acid.

Question 10

Which enzyme is responsible for the direct production of ATP during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Kinase

Question 11

In the electron transport chain, what is the main consequence of pumping hydrogen ions into the intermembrane space?

Accepted Answer

A proton gradient is established, which powers ATP synthase.

Question 12

Which of the following is a product of the citric acid cycle for each acetyl CoA that enters?

Accepted Answer

$$1\ 	ext{ATP}$$

Question 13

If a competitive inhibitor like malonate is added to a reaction involving succinate dehydrogenase, what is the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme activity will decrease, resulting in less DPIP decolorization.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why green plants appear green?

Accepted Answer

They reflect and transmit green wavelengths while absorbing other colors.

Question 15

Which metabolic pathway is responsible for the conversion of glucose to pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 16

What is the main difference between substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation directly transfers a phosphate group to ADP, while oxidative phosphorylation uses a proton gradient to power ATP synthase.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a product of fermentation in yeast?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid

Question 18

In photosynthesis, which pigment is primarily responsible for absorbing light energy?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a

Question 19

Which color of light has the highest energy and shortest wavelength?

Accepted Answer

Violet

Question 20

During aerobic respiration, what is the net gain of ATP per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

$$32$$-$$34$$

Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Photosynthesis: Study Notes for General Biology

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