Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of glycoproteins on the external surface of animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycoproteins are important in cell-cell recognition.

Question 2

A scientist is studying a carbohydrate with the molecular formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$. Which of the following statements about this molecule is most likely true?

Accepted Answer

It is a monosaccharide.

Question 3

Which structural feature distinguishes an aldose sugar from a ketose sugar?

Accepted Answer

The presence of a carbonyl group at the end of the molecule.

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why cellulose is a good structural material in plant cell walls?

Accepted Answer

It forms linear strands with hydrogen bonds between parallel strands, providing strength and rigidity.

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct description of the difference between starch and glycogen?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen is more highly branched than starch.

Question 6

A patient is unable to digest cellulose but can digest starch. Which of the following best explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

The patient lacks enzymes to hydrolyze $$\beta-$$glycosidic linkages.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of glycosidic linkages in polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

They are covalent bonds formed by condensation reactions between hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides.

Question 9

A researcher is developing a therapy that targets cancer cells based on altered glycosylation patterns. Which property of cancer cells is this therapy most likely exploiting?

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells have altered glycoproteins on their surface, affecting cell-cell recognition.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about chitin is correct?

Accepted Answer

Chitin is composed of N-acetylglucosamine monomers joined by $$\beta-1$$,4-glycosidic linkages.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why carbohydrates are an efficient energy source?

Accepted Answer

They contain many C-H bonds with high potential energy.

Question 12

Which enzyme is responsible for hydrolyzing glycogen in animal cells to release glucose?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylase

Question 13

A scientist discovers a new polysaccharide with the following properties: it is found in bacterial cell walls, consists of alternating monosaccharides, and has peptide bonds between strands. What is this polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Peptidoglycan

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between amylose and amylopectin?

Accepted Answer

Amylose contains only $$\alpha-1$$,4-glycosidic linkages, while amylopectin contains both $$\alpha-1$$,4 and $$\alpha-1$$,6-glycosidic linkages.

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world example of the importance of carbohydrates in cell identity?

Accepted Answer

Blood type determination by specific glycoproteins on red blood cells.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the hydrolysis of polysaccharides is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis of $$\alpha-$$glycosidic linkages in starch and glycogen is easier than hydrolysis of $$\beta-$$glycosidic linkages in cellulose.

Question 17

A mutation causes a plant to produce a polysaccharide with all glucose monomers in the same orientation, forming a helical structure. Which polysaccharide is most likely being produced?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why dietary fiber is important for digestive health?

Accepted Answer

It consists of structural carbohydrates that are not easily hydrolyzed, aiding in digestive movement.

Question 19

Which of the following is a direct product of photosynthesis in plants that is used for energy storage?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process by which monosaccharides are joined to form polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A condensation reaction between two hydroxyl groups, forming a glycosidic linkage.

Chapter 5: An Introduction to Carbohydrates - Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard