Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the middle lamella in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

It glues adjacent plant cells together using pectins.

Question 2

A mutation prevents the production of collagen in animal cells. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

The extracellular matrix will lose much of its structural strength.

Question 3

Which molecule is primarily responsible for attaching animal cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

Accepted Answer

Fibronectin

Question 4

Gap junctions in animal cells are functionally most similar to which structure in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Plasmodesmata

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why the extracellular matrix (ECM) can influence gene expression in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Integrins transmit signals from the ECM to the cytoskeleton, which can trigger signaling pathways affecting gene expression.

Question 6

A researcher observes that water and small solutes move freely between adjacent plant cells. Which structure is most likely responsible for this observation?

Accepted Answer

Plasmodesmata

Question 7

Which of the following is a key difference between the cell walls of plants and the extracellular matrix (ECM) of animals?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell walls are composed mainly of cellulose, while the ECM is rich in collagen and proteoglycans.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of integrins in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

They transmit signals between the ECM and the cytoskeleton.

Question 9

If the plant cell wall became impermeable, which of the following would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

Transport of water, nutrients, and signaling molecules between cells would be severely limited.

Question 10

Which of the following cell junctions is primarily responsible for preventing the leakage of extracellular fluid between animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 11

A scientist is studying a tissue where cells are mechanically attached to each other but can still move relative to one another. Which cell junction is most likely abundant in this tissue?

Accepted Answer

Desmosomes

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the composition of a proteoglycan complex in the animal extracellular matrix?

Accepted Answer

A core protein with many carbohydrate chains attached, forming a large complex with a polysaccharide molecule.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plant cell wall?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins for the cytoplasm

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why tight junctions are important in epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the movement of fluids between cells, maintaining distinct tissue compartments.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about plasmodesmata is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are channels through plant cell walls that connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells.

Question 16

A mutation in a plant prevents the formation of pectin. Which structure would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Middle lamella

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the sequence of structures a molecule would pass through when moving from the cytoplasm of one plant cell to another?

Accepted Answer

Cytoplasm → plasmodesmata → cytoplasm

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the secondary cell wall in plants?

Accepted Answer

It is deposited between the plasma membrane and the primary cell wall after the cell stops growing.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains the role of fibronectin in the extracellular matrix of animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It attaches cells to the ECM by binding to integrins.

Question 20

Which of the following would most likely result if gap junctions in cardiac muscle cells were blocked?

Accepted Answer

The cells would lose their ability to contract in a coordinated manner.

Extracellular Components and Cell Connections: Coordination of Cellular Activities

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard