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General Biology Study Notes: Exploring Life, Evolution, and Biological Diversity

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Characteristics of Life

  • Characteristics of Life
    09:26
  • Characteristics of Life Example 1
    02:59

Introduction to Taxonomy

  • Introduction to Taxonomy Example 2
    01:37
  • Categorizing Life Based on Energy Acquisition
    05:48
  • Introduction to Taxonomy
    02:23

Scientific Method

  • Scientific Method Example 1
    01:35
  • Basic Theories of Biology
    03:03
  • Scientific Method
    06:29

Experimental Design

  • Variables
    07:36
  • Experimental Design Example 1
    02:50
  • Negative & Positive Controls
    07:42

Natural Selection and Evolution

  • Natural Selection Causes Adaptation
    07:48
  • Adaptation Improves Fitness
    02:57
  • Evolution can Occur Via Natural Selection
    04:32

Introduction to Evolution and Natural Selection

  • Introduction to Evolution and Natual Selection Example 1
    03:22
  • Introduction to Evolution and Natual Selection Example 2
    04:28
  • Typological vs. Population Thinking
    03:56

Evidence of Evolution

  • Types of Homologies
    04:46
  • Evidence of Evolution Example 1
    02:27
  • Fossils
    06:11

Evidence of Natural Selection

  • Natural and Artificial Selection
    03:41
  • Evidence of Natural Selection Example 1
    02:28
  • Evidence of Natural Selection
    04:25

Evolution of Populations

  • Evolution of Populations Example 1
    03:33
  • Introduction to Evolution of Populations
    05:14

Genetic Variation

  • Sources of Genetic Variation
    02:16
  • Sexual Reproduction and Recombination
    05:08
  • Mutations
    06:42

Genetics and Allele Frequencies

  • Allele Frequencies
    06:36
  • Mendelian and Population Genetics
    04:26
  • Genetics and Allele Frequencies Example 1
    02:56

The Hardy-Weinberg Principle

  • Predicting Allele or Genotype Frequencies Using Hardy-Weinberg
    03:31
  • Testing if a Population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
    08:26
  • B. Calculating Allele Frequency from a Genotype Frequency
    03:20

Genetic Drift

  • Genetic Drift Example 1
    02:00
  • Genetic Drift Example 2
    02:37
  • Genetic Drift
    05:06

Gene Flow

  • Gene Flow Example 1
    04:34
  • Gene Flow
    01:43

Introduction to Speciation

  • Introduction to Speciation
    03:03

The Biological Species Concept

  • The Biological Species Concept Example 3
    02:15
  • Prezygotic Barriers
    05:18
  • The Biological Species Concept Example 1
    01:27

Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation

  • Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation
    02:46
  • Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation Example 1
    04:25
  • Allopatric Speciation
    03:53

Hybrid Zones

  • Hybrid Zones Example 1
    02:37
  • Hybrid Zones
    04:38

Speciation Time Scales

  • Gradual Evolution vs. Punctuated Equilibrium
    03:23

Origin of Life

  • Origin of Life Example 1
    03:23
  • Events that Lead to the Formation of Cells
    06:38

History of Life on Earth

  • History of Life on Earth Example 1
    04:53
  • Geologic Record
    07:18

The Fossil Record

  • Biases in the Fossil Record
    03:17
  • Fossils
    03:54
  • The Fossil Record Example 1
    02:59

Extinctions

  • Cretaceous Extinction
    04:55
  • Extinctions
    04:48
  • Sixth Extinction
    02:29

Adaptive Radiation

  • Developmental Genes & Regulation
    06:12
  • Cambrian Explosion
    05:10
  • Adaptive Radiation Example 1
    06:17

Evolution of Complexity

  • Origin of Complex Traits
    06:15

Introduction to Phylogeny

  • Binomial Nomenclature
    02:32
  • Systematics
    06:57
  • Introduction to Phylogeny Example 1
    01:31

Phylogeny

  • Phylogeny Example 3
    04:12
  • Parts of a Phylogenetic Tree
    05:16
  • Phylogeny Example 1
    06:11

Building Phylogenetic Trees

  • Shared Derived Characters
    05:42
  • Parsimony
    06:46
  • Building Phylogenetic Trees Example 1
    04:35

Cladistics

  • Cladistics Example 1
    03:52
  • Monophyletic, Paraphyletic, & Polyphyletic Group
    06:37

Phylogenetics and Genome Evolution

  • The Molecular Clock
    05:13
  • Homologs: Orthologs & Paralogs
    05:29

Introduction to Prokaryotes

  • Introduction to Archaea
    04:39
  • Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
    05:54
  • Features of Bacterial Cells
    03:54

Prokaryotic Cell Structure

  • Functions of Pili
    01:46
  • Pili
    01:02
  • Endospores
    05:35

Prokaryotic Diversity

  • Prokaryote Lineages 1
    03:51
  • Reviewing the Environmental Factors of Microbial Growth
    07:21
  • Prokaryote Lineages 2
    05:13

Introduction to Protists

  • What is a Protist?
    03:23
  • Introduction to Protists Example 1
    02:30
  • Introduction to Protists Example 2
    01:39

Evolution of Protists

  • Secondary Endosymbiosis Led to Several Eukaryotic Lineages
    02:37
  • Evolution of Protists Example 1
    01:43
  • Primary Endosymbiosis Gave Rise to Eukaryotes
    01:37

Eukaryotic Supergroups: Exploring Protist Diversity

  • Overview of the Four Supergroups of Eukaryotes
    03:01

Land Plants

  • Land Plants - 4
    06:17
  • Land Plants - 2
    12:57
  • Land Plants - 3
    03:36

Nonvascular Plants

  • Nonvascular Plants - 2
    07:32
  • Nonvascular Plants - 1
    06:16

Seedless Vascular Plants

  • Seedless Vascular Plants
    06:08

Seed Plants

  • Seed Plants - 1
    06:26
  • Seed Plants - 3
    05:26
  • Seed Plants - 4
    10:21

Fungi

  • Fungi - 1
    08:59
  • Fungi - 2
    09:57

Overview of Animals

  • Overview of Animals - 2
    06:59
  • Overview of Animals - 5
    04:57
  • Overview of Animals - 3
    12:01

Porifera and Cnidaria

  • Porifera and Cnidaria
    10:20

Lophotrochozoans

  • Lophotrochozoans
    11:32
  • Mollusks and Annelids
    06:13

Ecdysozoans

  • Nematodes
    02:05
  • Crustaceans and Hexapods
    13:55
  • Arthropods and Chelicerata
    08:00

Echinoderms

  • Echinoderms
    03:39

Chordates

  • Chordates
    05:34
  • Bony Fish
    05:21
  • Tetrapods
    05:57